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17 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Cyrus the
Great
king of the Persians and
Medes who won
independence for
Persians and conquered
the Medes; considered
by historians to be the
founder of the Persian
Empire
cavalry
a group of soldiers who
ride on horses
Darius I
ruler of the Persian
Empire who called
himself the king of
kings; restored order to
the empire and built a
new capital called
Persepolis
Persian
Wars
a series of wars between
Persia and Greece in the
400s BC
Xerxes I
a Persian ruler who was
defeated in his attempt
to conquer Greece in
480 BC
alliance
an agreement to work
together
Peloponnesian
War
a war between Athens
and Sparta in the 400s
BC
Philip II
king of Macedonia from
359 to 336 BC who
conquered Greece
phalanx
a group of Greek
warriors who stood
close together in a
square formation
Alexander
the Great
a Macedonian king who
conquered the Persian
Empire and created the
largest empire the world
had ever seen
Hellenistic
Greek-like; heavily
influenced by Greek
ideas
Socrates
a Greek teacher and
thinker who wanted to
make people think and
questions their beliefs;
accused of questioning
the authority of the gods
and condemned to death
Plato
a Greek teacher and
philosopher who
believed in an ideal
society based on justice
and fairness to everyone
that would be run by
philosophers
Aristotle
a Greek thinker who
taught that people
should live lives of
moderation or balance
reason
clear and ordered
thinking
Euclid
a Greek scientist who
was interested in the
study of geometry;
many of his rules about
geometry are still taught
today
Hippocrates
a Greek doctor who is
known for his ideas
about how doctors
should behave