World History Ch. 19

Front 1

In the 1940s, tension between Hindus and Muslims led to violence in ______.

Back 1

India

Front 2

The British decided to partition India into ____.

Back 2

two countries

Front 3

After the British partition areas where Hindus were a majority became ____.

Back 3

India

Front 4

After the British partition areas where Muslims were a majority became _____.

Back 4

Pakistan

Front 5

Pakistan and India became independent nations in _____.

Back 5

1947

Front 6

After the partition of India millions of Muslims and Hindus moved to the country where their _________.

Back 6

faith was the majority

Front 7

As Muslims and Hindus moved to new countries on the Indian sub-continent they often ____.

Back 7

attacked and killed each other

Front 8

India and Pakistan have fought wars over the disputed region of ________.

Back 8

Kashmir

Front 9

The tension between India and Pakistan is of even greater concern to the rest of the world because they both have developed ______.

Back 9

nuclear weapons

Front 10

The British colony of Ceylon gained independence in 1948 and changed its name in 1972 to _____.

Back 10

Sri Lanka

Front 11

In Sri Lanka the minority Hindu Tamils have fought for a separate nation against the majority _____.

Back 11

Sinhalese Buddhist majority

Front 12

India's first Prime Minister made attempts to improve the conditions of the dalits (outcastes).

Back 12

Jawaharlal Nehru

Front 13

When Nehru died in office his daughter replaced him in office.

Back 13

Indira Gandhi

Front 14

Religious minority in India but the majority in the province of Punjab.

Back 14

Sikhs

Front 15

In 1984, in an effort to gain independence for Punjab, Sikhs occupied their holiest shrine the __________.

Back 15

Golden Temple

Front 16

After talks failed she sent troops to oust the Sikhs from the Golden Temple and Thousands of Sikhs were killed.

Back 16

Indira Gandhi

Front 17

She was killed by her Sikh bodyguards.

Back 17

Indira Gandhi

Front 18

World's most populated democracy.

Back 18

India

Front 19

A thousand miles separated West Pakistan from _______.

Back 19

East Pakistan

Front 20

In 1971 the Bengalis declared East Pakistan an independent nation ____.

Back 20

Bangladesh

Front 21

Pakistan tried to crush the Bengali rebels, but the rebels were successful because of support from ___.

Back 21

India

Front 22

A new movement started in 1955 which supported political and diplomatic independence from both Cold War superpowers.

Back 22

nonalignment

Front 23

In Southeast Asia Thailand and Malaysia have prospered as __________.

Back 23

market economies

Front 24

In Southeast Asia Myanmar has suffered under _____.

Back 24

autocratic government

Front 25

A nation of 13,000 islands gained independence after WWII and his 90% Muslim.

Back 25

Indonesia

Front 26

When Indonesia first won independence it was ____.

Back 26

democratic

Front 27

In 1966, an army general, Suharto took power and ruled as dictator until 1998.

Back 27

Indonesia

Front 28

After Suharto was forced to resign in 1998, a series of democratically elected governments tried to restore stability.

Back 28

Indonesia

Front 29

In 1975 Indonesia seized the former Portuguese colony _____.

Back 29

East Timor

Front 30

Mostly Catholic fought and gained independence from Indonesia in 2002.

Back 30

East Timor

Front 31

Gained freedom from U.S. control in 1946.

Back 31

Philippines.

Front 32

The Filipino constitution created a democratic government but politics were controlled by a ______.

Back 32

wealthy elite

Front 33

Elected President of the Philippines in 1965, abandoned democracy and made himself dictator.

Back 33

Ferdinand Marcos

Front 34

When Marcos finally held elections in 1986 she was elected.

Back 34

Corazon Aquino

Front 35

Marcos tried to deny the results and prevent Aquino from becoming president, but demonstrations in Manila forced him to resign.

Back 35

"people power" revolution

Front 36

In the Philippines, communist and Muslim rebels continue to _______.

Back 36

fight across the country

Front 37

After WWII many African nations demanded independence, a few developed peace and democracy, but most experienced _________.

Back 37

civil wars, military rule, or corrupt dictators

Front 38

Because Europeans had divided Africa into colonies without regard for ethnic groups, when African countries did gain independence they often had ________.

Back 38

ethnic conflicts

Front 39

Most of the people in the Middle East are ______. (religion)

Back 39

Muslim

Front 40

There are Christian and other religious minorities in the Middle East and Israel is largely _______.

Back 40

Jewish

Front 41

Borders drawn by Europeans divided their homeland among Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey.

Back 41

Kurds

Front 42

In all the countries where they live Kurds are a _____.

Back 42

minority

Front 43

Kurds have faced the greatest discrimination in ________.

Back 43

Turkey & Iraq

Front 44

Jews who had been driven out of what is today Palestine in the first century but started to return in the _______.

Back 44

1800s

Front 45

The Holocaust created worldwide support for a _______.

Back 45

Jewish Homeland in Palestine

Front 46

After WWII Jews migrated in large numbers to ______.

Back 46

Palestine

Front 47

The U.N. drew up a plan to divide Palestine into an ______.

Back 47

Arab and a Jewish state

Front 48

Rejected the idea of a Jewish state in Palestine.

Back 48

Arabs

Front 49

When Britain withdrew from Palestine the Jews proclaimed the independent state of ______.

Back 49

Israel

Front 50

After Israel declared its independence the Arabs ______.

Back 50

launched the first of several wars against them

Front 51

Victors in the Arab Israeli wars.

Back 51

Israel

Front 52

As a result of the first Arab Israeli war 700,000 Palestinian Arabs ________.

Back 52

fled Palestine

Front 53

The Middle East is of great importance to the U.S. and other powers because of its huge ______.

Back 53

oil reserves

Front 54

The Middle East nations with large oil reserves are part of _________.

Back 54

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Nations (OPEC)

Front 55

In 1973, OPEC blocked oil shipments to the U.S. to protest the ________.

Back 55

U.S. support of Israel

Front 56

The OPEC oil embargo contributed to a _____.

Back 56

World Wide Recession

Front 57

Some Middle Eastern countries have secular, or non-religious, _________.

Back 57

governments & laws

Front 58

By the 1970s some Muslim leaders were calling for a return to ___________.

Back 58

Sharia law

Front 59

Laws based upon the Quran and the Hadith.

Back 59

Sharia law

Front 60

Their rights are severely limited in countries governed by Sharia law.

Back 60

Women

Front 61

Is strategically important because it shares a border with Israel and controls the Suez Canal.

Back 61

Egypt

Front 62

Seized power in Egypt in 1952, worked to modernize Egypt and end Western domination.

Back 62

Gamel Abdel Nasser

Front 63

Nationalized the Suez Canal ending British and French Control.

Back 63

Gamel Abdel Nasser

Front 64

Nasser fought two unsuccessful wars against __.

Back 64

Israel

Front 65

Nasser's successor who made peace with Israel.

Back 65

Anwar Sadat

Front 66

Assassinated Anwar Sadat for not ending corruption & poverty & for making peace with Israel.

Back 66

Muslim fundamentalists (Islamists)

Front 67

Ruled Iran, with U.S. support.

Back 67

Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

Front 68

The Shah's attempts to Westernize Iran upset _________.

Back 68

Islamic Fundamentalists

Front 69

The Shah's secret police used terror to drive his critics into ______.

Back 69

exile

Front 70

In the 1970s the Shah's foes rallied behind the cleric the ___________.

Back 70

Ayatollah Khomeini

Front 71

Massive protests drove the Shah into exile, Khomeini returned and Iran became an ____.

Back 71

Islamic Republic

Front 72

After the Iranian Revolution Islamists seized the American embassy and held 52 Americans ____.

Back 72

hostage for more than a year