World Civilization Mid Term Review (Important Terms)

Front 1

TELEOLOGY

Back 1

STUDY OF PURPOSE

Front 2

Karma

Back 2

THE AMOUNT OF GOOD AND BAD DEEDS THAT DETERMINE STATUS OF AN INDIVIDUAL’S NEXT LIFE.

Front 3

EPIC OF GILGAMESH

Back 3

GILGAMESH AND ENKIDU WENT TO FIGHT MONSTERS , ENKIDU DIES AND GILGAMESH SEARCHES FOR ETERNAL LIFE.

Front 4

DYNASTY

Back 4

RULERS OF THE SAME FAMILY REIGNED

Front 5

CASTE SYSTEM

Back 5

DIVIDED SOCIETY INTO STRICTLY DEFINED HEREDITARY GROUPS

Front 6

ARYANS

Back 6

BECOME DOMINANT IN INDIA AFTER HARAPPAN CIVLIZATION, THEY SPOKE AN EARLY FORM OF SANSKRIT

Front 7

Cuneiform

Back 7

WEDGE STYLE, 1ST WRITING SYSTEM (SUMERIA)

Front 8

Patriarchy

Back 8

MEN HAVE MORE POWER THAN WOMEN

Front 9

BABYLONIAN CAPTIVITY

Back 9

JEWS WERE CAPTIVE IN BABYLON, AND WERE SENT HOME.

Front 10

BOOK OF THE DEAD

Back 10

WRITTEN TO HELP GUIDE THE DEAD THROUGH DIFFICULTIES ON THE WAY TO THE UNDERWORLD

Front 11

Samsara

Back 11

REINCARNATION OF SOULS BY A CONTINUAL PROCESS OF REBIRTH

Front 12

Salamis

Back 12

maritime battle between Greece and Persia, where Persia was defeated. Greeks showed good traits of ship making, and became good sea men.

Front 13

Delian League

Back 13

a naval alliance, created by Athenians to liberate Ionia from the Persian Empire.

Front 14

Acropolis

Back 14

elevated temples, making them easier to see, and gives protection against invasion during war.

Front 15

Polis

Back 15

city-state that was common form of government

Front 16

Minoan

Back 16

early Greek people who lived in Crete, they were wealthy, ruled by a King and a group of nobles, worshipped Goddess more than Gods, and rebuilt palaces after natural disasters like tsunamis.

Front 17

Royal Road

Back 17

BUILT BY KING DARIUS TO UNITE PERSIAN EMPIRE, USSED FOR GOVERNMENT PURPOSES, TRADE, AND MILITARY COMMUNICATION

Front 18

ASCETICISM

Back 18

SEVERE SELF DISCIPLINE AND SELF DENIAL

Front 19

Logographic

Back 19

each word was represented by a single symbol

Front 20

Latifundia

Back 20

huge estates made by wealthy men.

Front 21

Messiah

Back 21

savior, who would destroy the Roman legions and inaugurate a period of happiness and plenty for Jews

Front 22

SERFDOM

Back 22

Peasant labor (slavery)

Front 23

APOCALYPTICISM

Back 23

a belief that the end of the world is near and it would happen with the coming of a savior or messiah.

Front 24

Zealots

Back 24

Jews who fought to rid Judea of the Romans

Front 25

PATERFAMILIAS

Back 25

the oldest dominant male of the family

Front 26

MARE NOSTRUM

Back 26

“our sea”, declared by the Romans referring to the Mediterranean

Front 27

Etruscans

Back 27

ruled Rome for the first period, built a rich culture that became the foundation of civilization throughout Italy and began to take political control of area.

Front 28

SENATE

Back 28

came from the Etruscan rule and lasted into the Empire rule.
- as time progressed the Etruscan to empire rule the senate became weaker.
- Big role in government.

Front 29

Koine

Back 29

dialect of a language, which was used by the common people of Greece under Alexander’s rule.

Front 30

Isis

Back 30

Egyptian goddess who regained popularity in Hellenistic world

Front 31

SILK ROAD

Back 31

the Persian Empire stretched their trade route to China where they obtained silk a valuable commodity.

Front 32

STRUGGLE of the ORDERS

Back 32

the political and legal struggle of the plebeians against the patricians for equality, justice, and progress

Front 33

Roman Legion

Back 33

soldiers of Rome or fighting force of Rome who used shields.

Front 34

GREAT WALL

Back 34

a wall built in north china to protect against the Hans by Qin dynasty

Front 35

WARRING STATES PERIOD

Back 35

Thoughts of the ideal form of government and social organizations emerged. The thoughts were trying to stop the disintegration of the society.
- (Confucianism) - spoke of ethical leaders setting an example for followers. So, there will be ethical followers and leaders. (No corruption should exist in these systems)
- (Daoism) - spoke of the government that is the best, is one that does not intervene into people’s personal lives.
- (Legalist) – Spoke of strict laws that people must follow; there should be morality in government and the leaders.

Front 36

Arianism

Back 36

Founded by the Alexandrian priest Arius, this belief held that Jesus was created by God, and therefore not His equal

Front 37

Diaspora

Back 37

dispersion of Jews after destruction of Jerusalem and temple of Solomon.

Front 38

Jainism

Back 38

an offshoot of Brahman doctrines developed by Vardhamana Mahavira, who argued that every animate being and inanimate object had living souls encased in matter. (had a big impact on Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr.)

Front 39

TRIUMVIRATE

Back 39

rule of 3 people or leaders.

Front 40

PARTHENON

Back 40

temple in the acropolis dedicated to the Goddess Athena

Front 41

TOWER of BABEL

Back 41

Hebrew explanation for post-diluvian population migration

Front 42

TETRARCHY

Back 42

rule of four men