Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Cause of the Reformation
|
Luther was troubled by the Tetzel's tactics. In response, he wrote 95 Theses attacking the "pardon-merchants." Someone copied his work and quickly Luther's anme became known all over Germany which began the reformations.
|
|
Martin Luther
|
-His parents wanted him to become a lawyer, but instead, he wanted to become a monk and a teacher.
-From 1512 until his death, he taught scripture at the University of Wittenburg. -In one way fear led Luther to become a monk. -After entering the monastery Luther felt fearful, lost, sinful, and rejected by God. By studying the Bible he figured that faith alone was the key to salavation. |
|
95 Theses
|
Luther decided to take a public stand against the actions of a friar named Johann Tetzel.
|
|
John Tetzel
|
A friar, was raising money to rebuild St. Peter's Cathedral in Rome.
|
|
Indulgence
|
Was a pardon.
|
|
Luther's teachings
|
Luther went beyond criticzing indulgences. He wanted full church reforms.
* People could win salvation only by faith in God's gift for forgiveness. The church taught that faith and "good work" were needed for salvation. *All church teachings should be clearly based on the words of the Bible. Both the pope and church traditions were false authorities. *All people with faith were equal. Therefore, people did not need priests to interpret the bible for them. |
|
Leo X
|
Was a pope that issued a decree threatening Luther with excommunication unless he took back his statements. He excommunicated Luther.
|
|
Excommunication
|
Taking away a person's right to membership in a church.
|
|
Charles V
|
A devout Catholic, also opposed Luther's teachings. He controlled a vast empire, including the German States.
|
|
Diet of Worms
|
Which declared Luther an outlaw and a heretic. All his books were to be burned.
|
|
Peasant Revolt
|
Some people began to apply Luther's revolutionary ideas to society.
|
|
Protestant
|
Was applied to Christians who belonged to non-Catholic churches.
|
|
Reformation Parliament
|
Henry took steps to solve his marriage problem himself. So he called parliament into session and asked it to pass a set of laws that ended the pope's power in England.
|
|
Henry VIII
|
Became king of England in 1509. Devout Catholic. Turned his country into a protestant nation during the reformation.
|
|
Peace of Augsberg
|
Famous religious settlement. Princes agreed that each ruler would decide the religion of his state.
|
|
Anne Boleyn
|
Henry secretly married her. (In 20's) Gave birth to a daugther name ELIZABETH.
|
|
Jane Seymour
|
Henry's 3rd wife. Gave birth to son named EDWARD.
|
|
Edward VI
|
Son of Henry VIII and Jan Seymour, died of turbrerculosis. King of England and Ireland from 1547-1553.
|
|
Mary I
|
Daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon.
|
|
Elizabeth I
|
Daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. She succeeded Mary I.
|
|
John Calvin
|
A follower of Luther.
|
|
Huldrych Zwingli
|
He begun religious reform in Switzerland. He's a Catholic priest in Zurich. Influenced by the Christian humanism of Erasmus and by the reforms of Luther.
|
|
Elect
|
The very few people that God saves.
|
|
Predestination
|
Belief that God has known since the beginning of time who will be saved.
|
|
Theocracy
|
A government controlled by religious leaders.
|
|
Calvinism
|
A religion based on Calvin's teachings.
|
|
John Knox
|
Scottish preacher. When he returned to Scotland in 1559,know put Calvin's ideas to work.
|
|
Presbyterians
|
Name for followers of Knox.
|
|
Huguenots
|
Name for Calvin's followers.
|
|
St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
|
Catholic mobs began hunting for protestants and murdering them. The massacres spread to either cities and lasted six months. Scholars believe that as many as 12000 Huguenots were killed.
|
|
Anabatists
|
The belief that persons who had been baptized as children should be rebaptized as adults.
|
|
Maquerite of navarre
|
Protected john calvin from being executed for his beliefs while he lived in france supported the call for reform in the church.
|
|
Katherina Von Borg
|
Played a more typical, behind-the-scenes role as Luther's wife. Katherina at the age of 10 was sent to a convent and became a nun. Though inspired by Luther she fled the convent.
|
|
Catholic Reformation
|
The movement in which helped Catholics to remain loyal within the Catholic Church to reform itself.
|
|
Ignatius of Loyola
|
Grew up in father's castle Spain. Great turning point was in 1521 when he was injured in war.
|
|
jesuits
|
In 1540, the pope created a religious order for his followers called the Society of Jesus in which followers were called as such.
|
|
Coucil of Treat
|
Paul III called a council of church leaders to meet in Trent to decide on several doctrines.
|
|
Index of Forbidden Books
|
A list of books considered dangerous to the Catholic Faith.
|
|
Political effects of the Reformation
|
As Catholic Churhc's moral and political authority, individual monarches and states gained power. This led to the development of modern nation-states.
Questioning and beliefs also laid the groundwork for the Enlightenment. |