World Architecture Final

Front 1

St. Sulpice, Proposed façade

Back 1

Juste‐Aurele Meissonier (1726)

Front 2

4 Stages of French Neoclassism

Back 2

Structural
Archaeological
Radical
Visonary

Front 3

Structural Neoclassism

Back 3

East Facade of the Louvre, Ste. Genevieve ("The pantheon")

Front 4

Archaeological Neoclassism

Back 4

Petit Trianon at Versailles (1761), Gabriel

Front 5

Radical Neoclassism

Back 5

Théâtre de France (1767‐70), Paris, Peyre and deWailly

Front 6

Visionary Neoclassism

Back 6

Boulee

Front 7

Prison of Aix‐en‐Provence,

Back 7

Ledoux, Paris, 18th century
Architecture Parlante- Form displays function

Front 8

Boulee

Back 8

Primary a 'paper' architect. Representation is essential. Metropolitan cathedral, cenotaph for sir Isaac newton (18th century)

Front 9

Piranesi (Carceri)

Back 9

represent the realm of pandemonium, a state of
chaos and anarchy where only pointlessness and
irrational-ism reign supreme. Crazy stairs.

Front 10

Sir John Soane

Back 10

England 18th century, Old colonial office, bank of England,

Front 11

18th Century Rome

Back 11

Theatrical/antiguity

Front 12

Spanish Steps

Back 12

Rome, 18th century, Francesco de Sanctis. Creating a 'stage' in the city. Curves similar to Borromini. Connects Plazza di Sapgna to Piazza Trinita

Front 13

Trevi Fountain

Back 13

Niccolo Salvi 18th Century Rome, Relateable to every architect before

Front 14

Arabesque

Back 14

Patterning

Front 15

Hotel de soubise

Back 15

French rococco

Front 16

Tensions in 19th century

Back 16

Classic revival vs. medieval revival
History vs. Technology
Heavy/ornate vs. Economy/lightness
Historicism vs. architectural imagination

Front 17

2 International building types

Back 17

Doric temple on high ( Parthenon)
Propalaea (Monumental entry)

Front 18

Lapautre

Back 18

18th Century. Never visited Italy but was influenced by Piranesi. Originally a successful interior designer. "Unconfining image of the imagination"
Recognition-1st social architect
Architecture Parlante

Front 19

Taj Mahal

Back 19

17th Century

Front 20

"Ninefold plan"

Back 20

divided by 4. Intersecting lines create spaces (9). 2 Story rooms on corners. Tomb of Humayun (16th century) India

Front 21

Iwan

Back 21

Rectangular Frame, Nila Gumbad ("blue tower")

Front 22

St. Petersburg plan

Back 22

.

Front 23

Metropolitan cathedral, Mexico

Back 23

.

Front 24

Schinkel

Back 24

18-19th century. Used to promote Prussian style. Buildings are conscious of/compliment site. Altes Museum- Greek collonade, designed with park in mind.

Front 25

Von Klenze

Back 25

Walhalla, Near Regensburgh (1831‐42)
Ludwigstrasse, Munich (with von Gartner)

Front 26

Robert Smirke

Back 26

Greek revival Centrist. British museum, london, 1824-47Nas

Front 27

John Nash

Back 27

Greek revival Centrist. Cumberland Terrace, london

Front 28

Charles Cockerell

Back 28

influenced by mannerism, Wren, Ledoux, Baroque. 19th c british architect

Front 29

Alexander Thomsen

Back 29

Scottish Architect

Front 30

Anatomy theatre, Ecole de Chirurgie

Back 30

Jacques Gondoin, Paris (1769-75).
Resembles pantheon

Front 31

Laugier (Primitive hut)

Back 31

reverting back to necessities and simple design

Front 32

American Federalist Style

Back 32

Greco‐Roman Neoclassicism
‐“It was only after 1865,when H.H. Richardson
returned from Paris,that th eUnited States became an
active rather than a passive, participant in world
architectural history.”
‐Exceptions – Jefferson and Latrobe

Front 33

Jefferson

Back 33

1743-1826. 3rd president. Designed Virginia State Capitol

Front 34

Monticello

Back 34

18th Century, Charlottsville, Jefferson's house. Similar to Villa Rotonda.

Front 35

University Of Virginia

Back 35

19th Century, Charlotsville, Jefferson. With William Thorton and Latrobe.
"the harmonious coexistence of the individual and the state as well as the parallel federal system of semi autonomous states within an a national union."

Front 36

Benjamin Latrobe

Back 36

Founder of American Architecture. 1764-1820
Us Capitol- Latrobe and Thorton

Front 37

White House

Back 37

James Hoban 18th C.

Front 38

Fuller and Jones

Back 38

.

Front 39

Arc de Triomphe

Back 39

Paris, Jean Chalgrin.
Napoleon influenced by the grand visions of Boullee.
Propylaea of International Neoclassicism

Front 40

L'ecole des Beaux Arts

Back 40

1806 Napoleon
Established in 1671 but abolished during revolution
2 principles: Abstract and conceptual (Soufflet's Pantheon) and Experiential
Grid/modularity

Front 41

Late L'ecole des beaux arts

Back 41

New louvre 1852-57
Baroque facade
-how should an architect be trained
-What is relationship b/w architect and engineer
---> Led to decline of Beaux Arts

Front 42

Ecole Polytechnique

Back 42

.

Front 43

Paris Opera House

Back 43

Charles Garnier, 19th C
Baroque facade
replaces notre dame as new social/cultural lenier
Entry stair- important element influenced by michaelangelo

Front 44

Mansard Roof

Back 44

Roof

Front 45

Victorian Gothic

Back 45

most successful successful of all 19th c medieval revivals
Unlike france- English Architects built many buildings

Front 46

Ruskin

Back 46

High Victorian Gothic influenced by Ruskin

Front 47

Butterfield

Back 47

All Saints Margaret St. 19th c

Front 48

Durand

Back 48

.

Front 49

Eclecticism

Back 49

Factors influencing
‐Industry
New wealthy class
‐Became collectors, travelers (exoticism), etc.
‐The emergence emergence of the photograph

Front 50

3 kinds of Ferrous Material

Back 50

Cast Iron- Crudest, brittle
Wrought Iron- no carbon- soft and malleable
Steel- restrecited amount of carbon for hardness, strong in tension/compression but rusts/melts

Front 51

Ferroconcrete

Back 51

Concrete reinforced with iron

Front 52

Differences between traditional/new materials

Back 52

1. Individual proerties vs.Uniform proerties
2. Compressive Strength vs. Tensile Strength
3. Cut Forms vs. Liquid Forms
4. Visual Appearance

Front 53

Ways of dealing with new technology

Back 53

1. Substitute materials,"", but forms remainedthe same
2. Modify the older forms to exploit strength of the new
materials
3. Create new structural forms altogether

Front 54

Haughwout Building

Back 54

NYC- Substitute

Front 55

Labrouste

Back 55

French Architect from Beaux Arts