W.o Ap Psych Exam Study Cards

Front 1

Define Psychology

Back 1

"The science of behavior and mental processes"

Hint 1

(N/A This is an easy question.)

Front 2

What is the difference between clinical psychologists and psychiatrist?

Back 2

-Psychiatrists can prescribe medication
-Psychologists study behavior and mental processes alone.

Hint 2

(One deals with medication)

Front 3

Define Behavior

Back 3

Observable actions of a person or animal.

Hint 3

(Watching)

Front 4

Rene Decartes' role in psychology was what?

Back 4

Created the theory of "Interactive Dualisim." which is his explination for how the mind and body are separte entities yet interact to provide conscious experience(s).

Hint 4

Made a simple theory

Front 5

Wilhem Wundt's role in Psychology was what?

Back 5

Known as the "Founder" of psychology. First to apply laboratoy techniques to study of the mind. Also the first to write a book on psychology.

Hint 5

(first of _______ and _______)

Front 6

Define Structuralism

Back 6

Study of most basic compnents (structures) of conscious experience(s).

Hint 6

("Basic study")

Front 7

What is Introspection?

Back 7

An examination of one's own thoughts and feelings

Hint 7

(Look within)

Front 8

William James' role in psychology was what?

Back 8

Created the Functionalism study since he opposed Wundt's and Titchener's approach.

Emphasized studying the purpose of function of behavior and mental experience.

Hint 8

(Functional!)

Front 9

Sigmund Freud's rol in psychology was what?

Back 9

Developed the psychoanalysis technique.
Created the psychidynamic theory.

Hint 9

(He was a psycho______

Front 10

John Watson's role in Psychology was?

Back 10

Was a behaviorist psychologist who
established the Psychological School of Behavioris

Hint 10

(Behave)

Front 11

Describe this perspective: Biological

Back 11

Study of the physiological mechanisims in the brain and nervous system that orginize and conrtol behavior.

Hint 11

(What controls our behavior)

Front 12

Describe this perspective:Behavior

Back 12

View of behavior based on experiences or learning.

Hint 12

(How we act)

Front 13

Describe this perspective: Cognitive

Back 13

Study of mental processes (thinking, feeling, learning)
>>Behavior is influenced by stae of mind.

Hint 13

(Thinking)

Front 14

Describe this perspective: Socio-Cultural

Back 14

The study of psychological differences among people living in different cultural groups.

Hint 14

(Culture and people can change how we think)

Front 15

Describe this perspective: Humanist

Back 15

Focus on conscious forces, self perception, free-will, human potential.
(A more positive view of basic forces then Freud's)

Hint 15

(Think happy thoughts)

Front 16

What is the "Myelin Sheath" and what is it's role?

Back 16

Fatty insulator over axon. Helps to transport messages across the synapse.

Hint 16

N/A at this time

Front 17

Describe: Action Potential

Back 17

The neural membrane opens at one area and allows the positively charged ions to rush in and the negative ions to rush out. When this happens, the charge inside the neuron rises to approximately +40 mv for just a brief moment, but long enough to create a domino effect. As action potentials happen over and over within the neuron, it carries the electrical signal (the information) with it. The neural impulse is like a series of action potentials happening over and over again.

Hint 17

N/A at this time

Front 18

What is "Refractory Period?"

Back 18

The refractory period is the period of time following an Action Potential when it is more difficult to excite the neuron to fire another Action Potential

Hint 18

N/A at this time

Front 19

What is "Threshold of Excitation?"

Back 19

The Smallest amount needed to trigger a neuron to fire.
(This amount is different for every nueron so even though it might fire in one, it might not be enough in the next,)

Hint 19

N/A at this time

Front 20

What are neurotransmitters?

Back 20

Naturally occurring chemicals in the brain which transmit messages from one nerve cell to another.

Hint 20

N/A at this time

Front 21

State the functions of the following transmitters:
1.Dopamine
2.Serotonin
3.Norepinephrine
4.GABA
5.Acetylcholine
6.Endorphins

Back 21

Dopamine a neurotransmitter, found in the brain that regulates movement, balance and walking.

Serotonin a neurotransmitter involved in e.g. sleep and depression and memory

Norepinephrine an excitatory neurotransmitter involved in alertness, concentration, aggression and motivation.

GABA a chemical messenger in the brain, spinal cord, heart, lungs, and kidneys, which sends messages telling the body to slow down. GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.

Acetylcholine is a nuerotransmitter which stimulates muscle tissue

Endorphins the brain's natural chemicals that elevate mood or kill pain

Hint 21

N/A at this time

Front 22

What is the difference between the Somatic NS and the Autonomic NS?

Back 22

-SNS: part of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of body movements through the action of skeletal muscles, and also reception of external stimuli.

-ANS: Part of the Peripherial Nervouse System that controls the organs and muscles.

Hint 22

N/A at this time

Front 23

What is the difference between the Sympathetic NS and the Parasympathetic NS?

Back 23

-SNS: triggers the "fight or flight" response.

-PSN: it acts to reverse the effects of the sympathetic nervous system.

Hint 23

N/A at this time

Front 24

How do EEG's, CT scans, and MRI's study the brain?

Back 24

EEG: measurement of the electrical activity of the brain by recording from electrodes placed on the scalp, or in the special cases on the cortex.

CT Scan: a medical imaging method employing tomography where digital processing is used to generate a three-dimensional image of the internals of an object from a large series of two-dimensional X-ray images taken around a single axis of rotation. The word

MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging which creates a tomography image of the brain.

Hint 24

N/A at this time

Front 25

State the function of the following structures:
1.cerebral cortex
2.Thalamus
3.Hypothalamus

Back 25

Cerebral Cortex:It is the outermost layer of the cerebrum and has a grey color. (Hence the name "gray matter".

Thalamus: thalamus relays info & translates incoming messages from sense receptors. (Except for smell)

Hypothalamus: located in the forebrain region, it governs motivational and emotional responses behaviors

Hint 25

N/A at this time

Front 26

State the Function of the four lobes of the brain:
1. Temporal
2.Occipital
3.Parietal
4. Frontal

Back 26

N/A at this time

Hint 26

N/A at this time

Front 27

What are some of the functions of the left hemposphere?

Back 27

N/A at this time

Hint 27

N/A at this time

Front 28

What are some of the functions of the right hempishpere?

Back 28

N/A at this time

Hint 28

N/A at this time

Front 29

N/A at this time

Back 29

N/A at this time

Hint 29

N/A at this time

Front 30

N/A at this time

Back 30

N/A at this time

Hint 30

N/A at this time