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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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1. Describe what is meant by informed consent |
Participants knowing the purpose and content of the study or research |
Content and purpose |
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1. Why is informed consent an issue? |
It affects the validity of a study.
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Demand characteristics. |
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1. How can the issue of informed consent be related to Milgram(1963?) |
The participants received no informed consent, they didn't know of the purpose of the study. |
Why participants didn't give informed consent |
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2. Describe what is meant by 'deception' |
Participant misleading or withholding some aspects of the study from the participants |
LYING |
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2. Why is deception an issue? |
It's unethical and immoral to lie to people |
What's wrong with lying to people? |
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2. Asch (1955) deceived his participants, how and why? |
Claimed they were taking part in a visual experiment and in order to avoid demand characteristics |
Why was it considered necessary to deceive the participants? |
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3. What is the issue relating to right to withdraw? |
Participants knowing that they can withdraw themselves and their data at any point during the study |
Right to withdraw should be emphasised |
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3. Why is right to withdraw an issue? |
Because participants often feel as though they can't withdraw from the research. |
This occurs when the right to withdraw is not emphasised. |
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3. What happened in Milgram (1963) in relation to the right to withdraw? |
Participants felt stressed because they could not leave, 3 had full blown seizures |
Psychological harm |
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4. What does protection from harm mean? |
The participants should not come across any psychological or physical harm during the research. |
Participant's mental state/frame of mind should remain the same |
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4. Why is protection from harm an issue? |
The researcher cannot anticipate when participants will come to harm. |
Anticipation |
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4. How did the participants from Gibson and Walk experience harm? |
The babies were crying when they could not reach their mothers. |
Distress |
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5. What's confidentiality and what's privacy? |
Confidentiality: keeping participant's personal information secure and private Privacy: respecting their personal space |
Personal information should not be published Research should take place in public spaces |
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5. Why is privacy an issue? |
It's hard to distinguish between what is private and what is public |
Distinction |
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5. What did Middlemist, Knowles and Matter(1976) do? |
Carried out research in public toilets |
Hard to say whether place was public or private. |
