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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
hardware
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any physical piece of equipment called a device that is both connected to your computer and controlled by your computer
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device
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connected to your computer and controlled by your computer
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external device
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equipment such as keyboards, printers, and scanners, which remain outside the case of the computer
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internal device
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equipement such as disk drives, modems, and network adapter cards, which are placed inside the case of the computer
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port
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a way that an external device is connected to your computer
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serial port
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one of the older port types, usually used for a mouse, but can be used for some printers - can have up to four different serial ports (COM1) - transmits data one bit at a time
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parallel port
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usually reserved for printers - most computers have only one - transmits data eight bits at a time
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USB (Universal Serial Bus)
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thin, rectangular slot that sccomodates a high-speed connection to a variety of external devices - transmits data ten times faster than serial port
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USB Connector
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small rectangular plug needed to use USB technology
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USB hub
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a box that contains many USB ports that you plug into your computer
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motherboard
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circuit board inside your computer that contains the microprocessor
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microprocessor
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the 'brains' of your cojmputer
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expansion slot
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slot you can insert devices such as network adapter cards into
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expansion cards / adapter cards
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devices that you insert into expansion slots that expand or adapt your computer
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PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect)
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connection standard that supports high connection speeds and is easy to install and configure
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device conflict
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when two devices share a particular resource a conflict can occur rendering one or both of the devices unusable
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IRQ (interrupt request line)
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number that signals the microprocessor that the device is requesting an action
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DMA (direct memory access)
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information is transferred directly between the device and the system's memory
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I/O (input/output)
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section of the computer's memory devoted to the different devices on a computer
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memory address or memory range
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the resource some devices need when they require additional computer memory for their own use (not related to communicating with the microprocessor)
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driver
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software file that enables Windows XP to communicate with and control the operation of the device
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legacy device
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older piece of hardware whose resources must be set manually on the hardware device itself
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plug-and-play device
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uses newer technology that allows Windows XP to recognize the new device automatically the first time it is connected to the computer
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Add Hardware Wizard
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a series of dialog boxes in which Windows XP prompts you for information about the new device, so you can set up the device properly with Windows XP
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device manager
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a tool that makes it easier to manage your devices and the resources they use
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troubleshooter
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sequence of dialog boxes that contain suggestions and questions about the source of your hardware trouble
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local printer
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one that is connected directly to your computer
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network printer
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connected to another computer on your network
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print server
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the main printer on a network
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print spooling
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creates a temporary file on your hard disk containing the electronic codes that control your particular printer - don't have to wait for the entire document to be printed before you can continue your work at your computer
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print queue
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a list of jobs being sent to the printer
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viruses
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programs that run on your computer and disrupt its operations
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defragmenting
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organizes files on a disk so that they are stored most efficiently
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(Disk Cleanup Options)
Downloaded program files |
(Disk Cleanup Options)
files downloaded automatically from the Internet when you view certain Web pages |
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(Disk Cleanup Options)
Temporary Internet files |
(Disk Cleanup Options)
web pages stored on your hard disk for quick viewing, stored in the Temporary Internet Files folder |
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(Disk Cleanup Options)
Temporary Setup files |
(Disk Cleanup Options)
temporary files created when you install a program - some programs delete these files when they are no longer neede; others leave them on your hard drive |
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(Disk Cleanup Options)
Offline Web Pages |
(Disk Cleanup Options)
web pages stored on your computer so you can view them without being connected to the internet |
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(Disk Cleanup Options)
Recycle Bin |
(Disk Cleanup Options)
files you deleted from your computer, which are stored in the Recycle Bin until you delete them |
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(Disk Cleanup Options)
Old CheckDisk files |
(Disk Cleanup Options)
files created by CheckDisk when it locates corrupted data |
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(Disk Cleanup Options)
Temporary files |
(Disk Cleanup Options)
files generated by programs to be used temporarily; usally these are deleted when you close the program, but if the program isn't shut down properly, the temporary files remain on your disk |
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(Disk Cleanup Options)
WebClient/Publisher Temporary files |
(Disk Cleanup Options)
files maintained by the WebClient service, which maintains a cache of accessed files on the drive |
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(Disk Cleanup Options)
Compress Old Files |
(Disk Cleanup Options)
Windows XP compresses files you haven't used recently |
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(Disk Cleanup Options)
Catalog Files for the Content Indexer |
(Disk Cleanup Options)
files left over from the Indexing Service, which speeds up dile searches by building an index of files on a disk |
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(Disk Cleanup Options)
Windows XP Unistall Information |
(Disk Cleanup Options)
files from a previous version of Windows - these appear only if Windows XP was installed on a computer that used an older version of Windows; they can be safely deleted if you don't intend to revert to the original version |
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tracks
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series of rings around the circumference of the disk
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sectors
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equal parts like pieces of a pie that the track is divided into
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cluster / allocation unit
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one or more sectors of storage space - where the file is stored
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FAT (File Allocation Table)
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lists the clusters on the disk and records the status of each cluster
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FAT32
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improved on FAT16 by using disk space much more efficiently and accessing hard drives up to 2 terabytes in size
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NTFS
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file support system that supports file system revovery and can access disk drives up to 2 terabytes in size
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bad sector
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damaged sector on a disk
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lost cluster
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cluster that contains data that the file allocation table cannot match to a file
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cross-linked file
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contains a least one cluster that has been allocated to more than one file in the file allocation table
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fragmented
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name used to describe the problem that occurs when a disk contains files whose clusters are not next to each other
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Processory Time
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the percentage of time that the processor is executing - used as a measure of the load on the system's processor
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