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Deletion

Et stykke af arvemassen bliver fjernet ved mutation.

alignement

Metode som bruges til sammelignning af genetiske arv.

Global alignement

Aligner homologe sekvenserne over hele dens længde

Lokal alignment

Opdeler sekvenserne og aligner ensartede stykker hver for sig

Homologe sekvenser

Koder for to eller flere ens proteiner

Insertion

Der bliver tilsat en eller flere nucleotid til en sekvens


Mutation

En ændring i ens arvematriale.

indelmutation

Der kommer et frameshift i sekvensen

punktmutation

Hvor et nucleotid er ændret til et andet nucleotid

inversion

Mutation hvor rækkefølgen på sekvensen bliver omvendt

frameshift

Sekvensens grupper bliver flyttet

Needleman-Wunsch algoritmen

Et scoringssystem på computeren for aligenment af sekvenser

Dotplot

metode til grafisk fremstilling af aligenment

Aminosyre

Et molekyle der fungere som byggesten for proteinerne.

nukleotider

Er byggestenene for DNA´et og afgøre den genetiske arv

Konserveret gen

Kan medføre død hvis det mutere

Synonym mutation

Der sker ikke noget synligt med proteinet

nonsynonym mutation

Der sker en synglig ændring med proteinet

Svaret på livet og alt det der

42

FOXP2-genet

koder for protein til at lave lyde