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53 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Tactile, pain, temperature.

Tactile, pain, temperature.

Free nerve endings.

Position sense, dynamic fine touch.

Position sense, dynamic fine touch.

Meissner's Corpuscles.

Vibration, deep pressure.

Vibration, deep pressure.

Pacinian corpuscles.

Position sense, static touch.

Position sense, static touch.

Merkel's disk.

Autoimmune (via molecular mimicry) disorder attacking peripheral nerves and motor fivers of ventral. This causes symmetrical ascending paralysis starting in distal LE. Elevated protein and normal cell count.

Guillain-Barre Syndrome. (Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.)

Hereditary; defective production of proteins of axons and/or myelin sheath. Motor and sensory affected. Classic sx: foot drop (dysfunctional common perineal n).

Charcot- Marie-Tooth disorder. (Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.)

AR lysosomal storage disease where sulfide buildup impairs myelin production.

Metachromatic leukodystrophy.

Multifocal perivenular inflammation with demyelination occurring after infection of vaccination.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.

Pancoast tumor invades the ______________ (ipsilateral/contralateral) brachial plexus and the ascending cervical sympathetics leading to ______________ (ipsilateral/contralateral) radicular pain and Horner's Syndrome.

Ipsilateral; ipsilateral.

Compression of cervical plexus at level of axilla.

Saturday night palsy.

Brown-Sequard syndrome (cord hemisection)

Commisural syndrome

Anterior and posterior cord syndrome.

What may cause an anterior and posterior cord syndrome.

Anterior spinal artery occlusion liely involving T1-T4 or L1.

What may cause a commisural syndrome?

Syringomyelia (usually C8-T1) or tumor.

C4- C5 transection.

Quadriplegia, impaired respiration, SB, AD, OH.

C6-C7 transection.

Quadriplegia, SB, AD, OH

C8-T1 transection.

Hand weakness, paraplegia, SB, AD, OH.

T2, T3 transection.

Paraplegia, SB, AD, OH.

T12-L1 transection.

Paraplegia, SB.

L4, L5 transection.

Paraplegia, SB.

S2, S3 transection.

Flaccid bladder.

4 clinical sx of LMN lesions.

4 clinical sx of LMN lesions.

Weakness, atrophy, fasciculations, absent/diminished deep tendon reflexes.

2 examples of LMN Spinal cord syndromes.

Polio, Werdnigg-Hoffman Disease.

2 examples of UMN Spinal cord syndromes.

Multiple sclerosis, ataxia telangiectasia.

4 Clinical sx of UMN spinal cord syndromes.

Weakness, clasp-knife rigidty, spasticity, hyperreflexia.

Cervical cord showing degeneration of axons in lateral corticospinal tract and alpha motor neurons in ventral horn.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (UMN + LMN spinal cord disorder).

Freidrich's ataxia, Vitamin B12, and Vitamin E deficiencies leads to ______________.

Freidrich's ataxia, Vitamin B12, and Vitamin E deficiencies leads to ______________.

Tract demyelination.

Dementia may be linked with Vitamin ____ deficiency due to degeneration of periventricular white matter.

B12.

Degeneration of dorsal roots and columns.

Degeneration of dorsal roots and columns.

Tabes dorsalis. (Eg tertiary syphilis)

At least 3 clinical sx of tabes dorsalis.

Ataxia, charcot's joints, lightning pains.

Radicular pain, sensory loss of all modalities, weakness, lack of DTRs, decreased muscle tone, loss of anal reflex, urinary retention.

Cauda equina syndrome.

(Stroke) Contralateral hemiparesis and hemisensory loss of face and arm.

Middle cerebral artery.

(Stroke) Contralateral paresis and sensory deficit of leg.

Anterior cerebral a.

(Stroke) Contralateral hemiparesis. Purely motor.

Lenticulostriate aa.

(Stroke) Contralateral sensory deficit --> "Thalamic syndrome."

(Stroke) Contralateral sensory deficit --> "Thalamic syndrome."

Thalamogeniculate aa.

(Stroke) "Suprathalamic syndrome"

(Stroke) "Suprathalamic syndrome"

Thalamocortical radiation.

Middle cerebral a supplies motor and sensory cortex of _____ and _______ along with Broca's and Wernicke's area.

Face and arm.

Anterior cerebral a supplies motor and sensory cortex of _____.

Leg.

Lenticulostriate aa supply ______ and ______.

Striatum and internal capsule.

Thalamogeniculate aa supply ______.

VPL Thalamic nucleus

(Stroke) Anterior spinal a will cause (ipsilateral/contralateral) ____________________ of leg and (ipsilateral/contralateral) _______________.

Contralateral hemiparesis & proprioception of leg (lateral corticospinal tract); ipsilateral tongue paresis.

(Stroke) Posterior inferior cerebellar a supplies the _____________ and will cause _______________ Syndrome if damaged.

Lateral medulla; Wallenberg Syndrome.

At least 2 clinical sx of Wallenberg Syndrome

Ipsilateral diminished pain and temperature in face, contralateral diminished pain and temperature in body.

(Stroke) Anterior inferior cerebellar a supplies the ___________ and will cause ___________ Syndrome if damaged.

Lateral pons; lateral pontine syndrome.

At least 4 clinical sx of lateral pontine syndrome.

Vomiting, vertigo, nystagmus, facial paralysis & decreased pain & temperature, Horner's Syndrome

(Stroke) Posterior cerebral a supplies ___________ and will present with _____________ if damaged.

Occipital cortex and visual cortex; contralateral hemianopia with macular sparing.

Worst headache of your life?

Subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Paralysis of vertical gaze.

Dorsal midbrain (Parinaud's) syndrome

Vertical gaze is under control of what 3 midbrain structures?

riMLF, INC, nucleus of fibers of posterior commisure. These control CN 3 and 4.

Internuclear opthalmoplegia results from damage to what nuclear structure?

Damage to medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) between CN 6 and CN 3. Injury affects contralateral eye.

What two CN's are compromised in facial colic's syndrome of the Pons?

CN 6, 7

What 3 structures are damaged in medial medullary syndrome (give the sx too)


1)


2)
3)

1) Cortical spinal tract (contralateral hemiparesis)


2) Medial lemniscus (contralateral loss of proprioception in trunk & extremities)


3) Hypoglossal n (ipsilateral flaccid paralysis of tongue... "lick the wound")