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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
hominid
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creature belonging to the family hominidae, which inclues human and human-like creatures
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homo sapiens
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"conciously thinking human"
first appeared 50,000 yrs ago sophisticated tools |
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paleolithic
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Old Stone Age, long period of human development before the development of agriculture
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hunting and gathering
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way of getting food by killing game animals (men) and gathering plants (women)
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Cro-Magnon
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homo sapiens sapiens-40,000 yrs ago in paleolithic era, first human beings of the modern type
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Neolithic
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New Stone Age (10,000 to 4,000 BCE) discovered and mastered agriculture
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Slash and Burn
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used in agriculture, slashes bark of trees then burned it (so sun could get to the ground)-made soil fertile, had to move around because nutrients would be used up
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Specialization of Labor
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surplus of food enabled people to concentrate time on their professions like art, pottery, wood carvings, tools, baskets
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Metallurgy
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started from copper, then brass and iron, could hammer into sheets or extract it from ores by heat, could make good tools
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Gilgamesh
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legendary king of Mesopotamian city-state Uruk (3000 BCE) subject of "Epic of Gilgamesh" - oldest complete epic literary masterpiece
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Mesopotamia
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"land between the rivers"-Tigris and Euphrates-formed cities-lots of interactions with other peoples
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Sargon of Akkad
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creator of empire in Mesopotamia, overthrew kings and destroyed walls, putting Mesopotamia under his rule, controlled trade routes and taxes and great armies
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Hammurabi
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Babylonian conqueror "king of the four quarters of the world"
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Lex talionis
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"law of retaliation"-offenders sufered punishments resembling their violation, also taking upon social standing
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patriarchy
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authority over public and private auffairs vested in men; family-decided work, marriage; public- all public affairs and policies decided by men
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Abraham
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came from Sumer, migrated to Palestine, his descentandts recognized Mesopotamian deities, values, and customs; borrowed lex talionis and flood stories
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Hebrews
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from pastoral nomads to in land between Egypt and Mesopotamia-migrated a lot
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Monotheism
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Moses first to embrace it; only one god (Yahweh in Judaism); all other deities were false imposters
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Torah
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set of holy scriptures, which lay down Yahweh's law and outlines his role in creating the world and guiding human affairs; he rewards the ones who obey and punish those who don't (individual or whole communities)
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Phoenicia
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trading empire on the coast of the Mediterranean; no farming a lot of industry and trade; alphabetic writing
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Indo-Europeans
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group of people with similar languages (most European, Hindi, Farsi-Iran, Greek, Latin), in a similar geographical area
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migration
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movement of people
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polytheism
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belieft in more than one god, more accepting to other gods, based more on practices, not beliefs
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