Wgu C191 Operating Systems For Programmers

Front 1

Modules

Back 1

allow operating system services to be loaded dynamically

Front 2

message-passing model

Back 2

easier to implement than a shared memory model for intercomputer communicaiton

Front 3

clustered system

Back 3

gathers together multiple CPUs to accomplish computational work

Front 4

microkernel

Back 4

kernel that is stripped of all nonessential components; uses message passing for communication

Front 5

boot block

Back 5

typically only knows the location and length of the rest of the bootstrap program

Front 6

3 techniques for passing parameters from an application to a system call

Back 6

Registers

Stack

Special block in memory

Front 7

Policy

Back 7

determines WHAT will be done

Front 8

Mechanism

Back 8

determine HOW it will be done

Front 9

Mainframe

Back 9

operating systems are designed primarily to maximize resource allocation

Front 10

Open Source OS examples

Back 10

BSD Linux

Linux

PCLinuxOS

Front 11

two separate modes of operating in a system

Back 11

user mode

kernel mode

Front 12

Accounting

Back 12

tracking usage statistics for all users

Front 13

Communications

Back 13

One process exchanging information with another process

Front 14

Error detection

Back 14

the process by which an operating system detects and responds to errors

Front 15

file-system manipulation

Back 15

the process by which programs read, write, create and delete files and directories

Front 16

I/O operations

Back 16

The process by which the operating system manages to input and output to and from a running program

Front 17

Program execution

Back 17

The process of a system loading a program into memory to run

Front 18

Protection and security

Back 18

The process of controlling the use of information on a computer system

Front 19

Resource allocation

Back 19

The process of an OS managing the allocation of resources to multiple jobs

Front 20

User interface

Back 20

The method via which a user interacts with an operating system

Front 21

process control system calls

Back 21

dump()

exit()

fork()

Front 22

communications system calls

Back 22

CreatePipe()

mmap()

Front 23

File manipulation system calls

Back 23

get_file_attributes()

open()

ReadFile()

reposition()

Front 24

protection system calls

Back 24

allow_user()

chmod()

chown()

Front 25

information maintenance system calls

Back 25

SetTimer()

sleep()

Front 26

In what way is an OS like a government?

Back 26

it creates an environment within which other programs can do useful work.

Front 27

command interpreter

Back 27

example of systems program

Front 28

debugger

Back 28

if a program terminates abnormally, a dump of memory may be examined by a debugger to determine the cause of the problem

Front 29

SMP-type system

Back 29

Each processor performs all tasks within the operating system

Front 30

timer

Back 30

used to prevent user program from never returning control to the OS

Front 31

major difficulty in designing a layered operating system approach

Back 31

appropriately defining the various layers

Front 32

embedded computers typically run on a ___ OS

Back 32

real-time

Front 33

small-area network

Back 33

bluetooth and 802.11 devices use wireless technology to communicate over several feet

Front 34

peer-to-peer systems

Back 34

clients and servers are not distinguished from one another

Front 35

System calls

Back 35

provides an interface to the services provided by an operating system

Front 36

major categories of system calls

Back 36

process control

communications

protection

file manipulation

information maintenance

device manipulation

Front 37

other terms for kernel mode

Back 37

supervisor mode

privileged mode

system mode

Front 38

open source operating system

Back 38

freely available

less secure than commercial

Front 39

system call to create new process

Back 39

Windows: CreateProcess()

UNIX: fork()

Front 40

system call to close file

Back 40

Windows: CloseHandle()

UNIX: close()

Front 41

distribution

Back 41

custom build of the Linux OS

Front 42

Middleware

Back 42

set of software frameworks that provide additional services to application developers

Front 43

Dalvik virtual machine

Back 43

how Android runs Java programs

Front 44

privileged instructions

Back 44

can only be executed in kernel mode

can be ATTEMPTED from user mode

used to manage interrupts

may cause harm to the system

Front 45

Standard C library

Back 45

provides portion of the system call interface for UNIX and Linux

Front 46

process

Back 46

unit of work in the system

Front 47

system calls to create a file

Back 47

Windows: CreateFile()

UNIX: open()