Western Civilization

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Augustine

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(354-430) Was born in Africa, important in establishing the christain church's views on sexual desire

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Reconquest

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By the 11th century a number of small Christain kingdoms had established in spain and began the Reconquista conquering the last moors near the end of the 15th century

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Hundred years war

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Series of seperate wars lasting from 1837 to 1453 between two rural houses for the french throne. Lasted 116 years. The war helped in the aid of new weapons being created!

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Investitrue Controversy

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The most significant conflict between church and state in medieval Europe. Began in the 11th century and ended in 1122, when a German king and a Pope came to an agreement called the Concordat or Worms

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Romanesque & Gothic

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Romanesque- Cathedrals of the 11th and 12th century. Normally built in retangular shape.

Gothic- began in 12th century, and remains one of the greatest artisitic triumps in the midlle ages.

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Diocletian & Constantine

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End of the 3rd century beginning of the 4th, They were roman emperors who restored order and stability. A new governmental structure, rigid economic and social system, and a new religion CHRISTIANITY

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Scholasticism

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used to refer to the philosophical and thelogical system of the medieval schools. Reached its high point in the 13th centure. An attempt to reconcile faith and reason.

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Magyars

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ppl from western asia. They were crused at the battle of Lechfeld in Germany in 955. At the end of the tenth century they converted to christianity.

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Vikings

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Were Germanic ppl, warriors and superb shipbuilders and sailors. In the 9th century they started attacking villages worse than before they destroyed churches, and easily defeated small armies.

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Papacry at Avignon

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(1307-1377) Important turning point in the churchs attempt to adopt to the changing economic and political conditions of europe.

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Great Schism

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(1378-1417) Divided medieval christainity into eastern and western branches known as the eastern orthodox church and the roman catholic church. lasted for nearly 40 years

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Thomas Aquinas

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(1225-1274) Italian priest of the catholic church and a philosopher in scholasticism.

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Joan of Arc

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Born in 1412, was deeply religious she started to experience visions. She led the french army to several victories in the hundred years war. In 1431, at the age of 19 she was burned alive condemed as a heretic.

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Pope Innocent III

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(1198-1216) A powerful and active pope in the middle ages. Approved the creation of the Francisan and Dominican religious orders

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Charlemagne

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ruled the Frankish Kingdom from (768-814). A dynamic and powerful ruler. Expanded his territories in several directions, creating a empire that would not be rivaled in size until Napoleon.

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Muhammad

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(570-632) Started to get visions in his middle ages from Allah. From these visions he created the Qur'an and formed the basis for the Islamic religion

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Pope Gregory the Great

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(590-604) One of the most important popes in the early middle ages. In the 6th century he set the papacy and the Roman Catholic church on an energetic path that enabled the church to play a role in civilizing the Germans

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Clovis

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(482-511) Leader a Franks group who eventually became king of them all. Became a christian around 500.

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St. Francis of Assisi

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(1182-1226) A catholic deacon and preacher. Founder of the Order of the Friars manor.

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Black Death

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One of the most deadlist pandemics in human history. Peaking in Europe between 1348 and 1350. Also known as the Bubonic Plaque. Estimated to have killed 30 to 60 % of Europes population and took over 200 years to recover