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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is an emergency? |
any situation that poses an immediate risk to healthy or the life of an animal, and any situation that is likely to escalate. |
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what are some ways clients arrive to |
referrals, call ins, walk ins. |
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List some possible clients. |
the owner, other vets, haulers or trainers, an agency, or no owner. |
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List some catergories of emergencies you may encounter. |
trauma, respiratory, cardiovascular, G.I, urogenital, ocular, musculoskeletal, toxic. |
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What is the primary goal of emergency veterinary? |
to stabilize the patient. |
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what is a stable patient? |
A patient with the immediate threat taken away. Vitals should be W.N.L and the animal should be fairly comfortable. |
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What is the systemic approach? |
thorough exam, triage, prioritize and monitor. |
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What do you check in triage? |
mm, crt, pulse, hr, rr, heart rate, heart rhythm, respiration: is it noisy, is there effort, what is the rate, neurological: Mentation, ataxia, seizure, musculoskeletal:fracture, laceration, hemmorhage |
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critical means? |
unpredictable vitals. |
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abcs |
control arterial bleeding, rapidly establish airways, evaluate heart and lungs. |
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crash plan? |
check: heart, lungs, abdomen |
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how to check the heart? |
gums, crt, femoral artery, auscultation. |
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how to treat blood loss? |
fluid therapy, and blood products. |
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how to detect blood loss? |
mm color, crt, hematocrit with tp. |
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noticing and treating pain does what? |
lowers stress, calms patient, and makes patient easier to handle. |
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analgesics (opioids) depress? |
cardiac and respiration function. |
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NSAIDS effect? |
G.I and renal systems. |
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pain medicine can be administered? |
systemically or locally. |
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what is shock? |
perfusion failure. |
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ways to check for shock?
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temp, skin color, gum color, crt. |
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what is ischemia? |
inadequate blood delivery to an organ or body part. |
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shock can cause? |
organ failure, necrosis, death |
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what is vasoconstriction? |
narrowing of the blood vessels. |
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clinical signs of shock? |
increased heart rate, respiration rate, pounding pulse, and bright red mm. |
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shock? |
the blood vessels narrow, the heart rate increases, cardiac output increases increasing bp. |
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in prolonged shock? |
the exrended period of oxygen defecit and fluid imbalance causes organs to fail. |
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clinical signs of prolonged shock? |
rapid heart rate, weak pulse, extended crt, pale gums, weakness, depression, and loss of conscious. |
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what is hypovolemic shock? |
loss of blood volume. |
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possible cause of hypovolemic shock? |
blood loss, dehydration. |
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what is distributive shock? |
pooling of blood. |
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what is cariogenic shock? |
decreased heart output. |
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possible cause of cariogenic shock? |
heart disease or obstructive shock. |
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what is septic shock? |
shock caused by infection. |
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possible cause of septic shock? |
damage tissue that becomes necrotic and loses blood flow, toxicosis, cyclic |
