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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Social Stratification |
A system in which a society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy |
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What are some ways in which society ranks individuals hierarchically? |
Class, race, gender, sexual orientation, physical ability, attractiveness, weight, religion, gender identity |
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Four principles of stratification |
1. Social stratification is a trait of society, not simply a reflection of individual differences 2. social stratification is universal but variable 3. social stratification carries over from generation to generations 4. social stratification involves not just inequality but beliefs as well |
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Closed vs. Open system economy |
Close system allows little change in social system open system aloows greater change in social position |
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Meritocracy |
personal merit alone determines social position |
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Why are some aspects of religiosity more prominint with upper class and others with lower class |
Explanation 1: Class inequality produces/requires religion (Marx) Explanation 2: Religion produces class inequality (Weber) |
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Karl Marx and class inequality |
Alienation: Capitalism alienates us from our labor, the products of our labor, and each other False-consciousness: failure to realize you're being alaienated from your species being |
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Max Weber and class inequality |
Disagreed with Marx that religion came from capitalism Argued modern capitalism has its roots in Calvinistic Protestantism |
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Pierre Bourdieu's Theory on Class Production |
Cultural Capital can exist in three forms: 1. Embodied: our dispositure 2. Objectified: our material artifacts 3. Institutionalized: our socially legitimate credentials |
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How do class Hierarchies endure? Ideology |
culture beliefs that justify particular social arrangements, including patterns of inequality |
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Marx theory argues religion is used to justify inequality. so religious commitment would be correlated with more pro-capitalist attitudes |
Weber theory argues religious beliefs produce different economic outcomes. so religious identities would be correlated with more pro capitalist attitudes |