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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the child symptom severity and associated features? |
- Always knew something was wrong. - Identification of early signs – lack of response to name, etc. - Identification of later signs – not talking, etc. - Denial vs. Unaware |
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Early concerns: |
Before a child is diagnosed, usually the parents will have the first concerns, however specialists may have concerns too |
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Resolution of the diagnosis: |
• Coming to terms with the diagnosis and accepting its implications - Realistic view of child’s strengths and difficulties; recognizing the positives. - Sense of moving on; not ruminating on what caused the ASD. - Subtypes: Feeling-, Action-, Thinking- oriented • Unresolved parents present cognitive biases - Preoccupation with possible causes of the disability; detachment; confusion. - Unbalanced view (focus on negatives) and lack of energy to ‘move on’. - Subtypes: Emotionally overwhelmed, Angrily preoccupied, Neutralizing, Depressed/passive, Cognitive distortions, Disorganized/confused |
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What are the fractions of parents which are resolved? |
~1/3 of mothers and 1/2 of fathers were resolved (but only both parents 1/5th of time). |
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Parent's resolution was not related to: |
- Duration since diagnosis (also Oppenheim et al., 2009). - Child characteristics: gender, age, mental age, symptom severity, adaptive behaviour. - Parent characteristics: IQ, BAP |
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How is ASD arguably the most stressful of the developmental disorders? |
• An ‘invisible’ disorder • Repetitive and challenging behaviours • Atypical sensory processing • Limited social-communication skills |
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What is Bronfenbrenner's Model? |
- Microsystem (e.g. family, classroom) - Exosystem (e.g. parent's work, community) - Macrosystem (socio-cultural context) - Chronosystem (point in historical time) |
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What are the techniques to support parents in becoming resolved? |
• Psycho-education – building knowledge (realistic expectations, managing behaviour) • Counselling and social supports (structured and/or unstructured) • Parent-mediated intervention programs |
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What are some parent-mediated interventions for ASD? |
• Early Start Denver Model. - Parent coaching. • Hanen More Than Words. • Preschool Autism Communication Therapy. • Stronger Families and ASD. • Relationship Development Intervention? • SonRise? |
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What is the Preschool Autism Communication Trial? |
• First large, carefully-controlled trial of a psycho-social intervention for ASD. • Parent-mediated. - Therapists work with parents: Parents ‘deliver’ intervention at home/everyday. • Communication-Focused. - Improve parent knowledge of ASD & child communication. • Non-directive therapists. - Increase sense of parental empowerment to support child. - Currently, and in the future |
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What can parents do for high risk infants? |
• Psycho-education: - Realistic recurrence risks rates. - Other risks. • Early surveillance and intervention • Prodromal prevention? - Getting in early - Preventing full expression of genetic risk? |
