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10 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Name the contribution of Hooke, Van Leeuwenhoek, Abbe, & Köhler to microscopy.
Hooke: described the structures seen on cork as ‘cell’
Van Leuwenhoek: “simple” microscope that could magnify much better, to about 275x with simple ground lenses
Abbe: defined physical laws that determine resolving distance of an objective, used oil emersion to increase resolution
Kohler: developed the “Köhler Illumination” which is improving resolution by using shorter wavelength and evenly illuminated field by using very wide cone of light
Define the following: a. Absorption, b. Refraction, c. Dispersion, d. Refractive index.
Absorption: light passes through an object the intensity is reduced depending on the colour absorbed.
Refraction: direction change of light through transparent media with different optical density
Dispersion: separation of light into its constituent wavelengths
Refractive index: the light-bending ability of a medium
Describe a major operational difference between Compound and Simple Microscopes.
Simple microscopes have a single lens
Compound has two or more lenses
Define resolving power of a microscope, and magnification.
Resolving power: maximum resolution. Eg. A microscope with a resolving power of 0.4 nm can distinguish between two points ≥ 0.4 nm.
Magnification: enlargement of image
Match the descriptions below with either A. more or B. less.

Shorter wavelengths of light provide _____ resolution
A microscope with a blue filter will transmit _____ wavelengths of light to the ocular
Immersion oil is used for high power objectives because it bends light _____
Infinity optics allows _____ movement of the microscope stage
Higher numerical aperture equates to a _____ visual working distance
More
Less
Less
Less
Less
Less
State two major functions of a microscope condenser.
Gathers light from the field diaphragm and focuses light onto the specimen
fills the numerical aperture (NA) of objective (must match the NA)
State whether high or low magnification is used with high NA objectives.
High
State the two most important elements of optical systems for quality detailed imaging.
Identify three types of compound microscopes.
Bright-field: uses direct visible light (specimen requires staining)
Dark-field: uses indirect visible light (reflected light), specimen does not require staining.
Phase contrast: uses refracted and diffracted rays of visible light (specimen does not require staining).
Discuss the utility of oil for the examination of specimens under high power.
Oil immersion improves the resolution of light microscopes. It capture refracted light and concentrates it through the specimen.
Name the chemical agent that should be used to clean an objective lens after it has been used with oil immersion.
Xylene