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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mass
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The amount of matter which an object possesses.
(A "measure of weight) |
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What is the unit of mass?
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Kilogram
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Length
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The spatial distance (space) between two points
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What is the unit of length
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The meter
1m=1.09 yards |
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Time
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The period or interval between two events
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What is the unit of time
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The second
1s 1s=1/60 minute |
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Weight equation
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weight=mass x acceleration due to gravity
W=m x g |
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9.8 Kg m/sec^2
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one newton
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Aristotle
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Natural Motion: 4 elements
Every object strives to get with it's element A force is required to maintain motion Violent motion: An imposed motion caused by pushing or pulling motion |
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Copernicus
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Moving Earth: Best way to account for the observed motions of heavenly objects
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Galileo
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Leaning tower: different weights drop at the same time.
Inclined Plane: Ball will continue on forever until another force will stop it. |
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Inertia
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The property of an object to resist change.
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Acceleration formula
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a=F/m
a=acceleration F=Force m=Mass |
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mass
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the amount of matter something has
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weight
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the force of gravity on an object
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4 conditions all forces satisfy
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1. occurs in pairs
2. Equal in strength 3. oposite in direction 4. Two different objects |
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Speed
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Distance traveled per unit time.
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SI unit for speed
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meters per second
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Speed Formula
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V=D/t
Velocity Distance time |
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Velocity
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The rate of change of displacement. Both magitude and dierction is needed to define it.
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3 ways to change velocity
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1. Speed up
2. Slow down 3. Change direction |
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Acceleration
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The change of velocity over time.
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2 ways to change acceleration
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1. Change the speed
2. Change the direction |
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Acceleration formula
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a=v2-v1/t
v2=end velocity v1=start velocity t=time |
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How can you find the final acceleration if you know the average speed?
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double the average speed.
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what is the numerical value of gravity?
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9.8 m/s^2
32ft/s^2 |
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what determines the value of g?
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1. Closeness to center of Earth
2. Mass of the Earth |
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Impulse
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The integral of a force with respect to time.
F x t2&t1 |
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The momentum change of any object is equal to the applied ______
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impulse
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momentum
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the product of mass and velocity of an object
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momentum equation
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p=mv
p=momentum m=mass v=velocity |
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If the impulse is ______ then the momentum ________________
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zero, stays the same
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convervation of momentum theorem
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The total momentum of a closed system of objects is constant
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Work
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The amount of energy transfered by a force acting throght a distance
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What is SI unit of work
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The joule.
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Joule
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the workd done by a force of one newton acting over the distance of one meter
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work equation
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W=Fd
Work Force distance |
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Power
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The rate at which work is performed or energy is converted
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The si unit of Power
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Watt
oe joule per second |
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Energy
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The capacity of a physical system to perform work
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Potential energy
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Stored energy. The ability for a systme to do work due to position or internal structure
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Kinetic Energy
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The energy of motion
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Kinetic energy equation
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KE=1/2 mv^2
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Translational motion
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The movement through space without rotation
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Rotational motion
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movement around an axis
wheel, top |
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combined motion
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translational & rotational motion AT THE SAME TIME
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Torque
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A force that tends to ratate or turn things
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3 things torque can do
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1. speed things up
2. slow things down 3. cause rotational motion to change |
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Torque equation
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T=rF
T=torque r=length of pivot arm F=force |
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Center of mass
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the point where an object ould balance if it were suspended or the point where all of the weight may be considered concetrated.
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If total torque equals _______ then there will be no ________
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zero
rotation |
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Rotational Inertia
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As the distrubutaion of mass goes away form the center of the object the greater it's inertia
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Conservation of energy
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energy can be neither destroyed nor created. The total amount of energy remains constant over time.
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If work is done on the systme or to the system, the energy of the systme increases. The increased energy is _______ to the work done
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equal
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Angular Momentum
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The rotational counterpart of momentum
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Conservation of Angular momentum
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Angular momentum can be transfered but it can not be created nor destroyed.
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As the radis of an object _____ is must spin _____ in order to conserve angular momentum
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decreases
faster |
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Angular momentum equation
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mvr
mass velocity radius |
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Galli's conservation of Angular momentum
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When the total(net) torque is zero the angular momentum remains constant.
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Centripetal force
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a force directed toward the center of rotation of an orbiting object following a curved path.
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Centrifugal force
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the apparent force, equal and opposite to the centripetal force, drawing a rotating body away form the center of rotation, cased by the inertia of the body.
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Newtons law of Universal Gravitation
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Every massive body in the universe attracts every other massive body with a force which is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
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Gravity Acceleration equation
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F=Gm1m2/r(or d)^2
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True weight
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weight under normal gravitational force
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Apparent weight
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what you think your weight to be under abnormal curcumstances. Elevator going up you feel like you weigh more, going down and you feel lighter.
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When is apparent weight zero?
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When you are in free fall.
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