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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Medium
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Material through which waves travel (Mechancial waves require one, but electromagnetic don't)
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Waves
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Transfer of energy from one place to another that carry energy not matter
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Mechanical Waves
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Sound, ocean waves, waves in a rope
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Electromagnetic Waves
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Light, microwaves, x-rays, radio/televisions
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Longitudinal Waves
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Move back and forth
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Transverse Waves
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Move up and down
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Rest Position/ Line of Origin
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The center line of a wave
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Crest
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High point of a transverse wave
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Trough
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Low point of a transverse wave
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Wavelength
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Distance from one point on a wave to the same point on the next
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Amplitude
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Distance from a crest or trough to the line of origin
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Rarefaction
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Less dense area of a longitudinal wave
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Frequency
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# of waves that pass a given point at one second
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Hertz
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Measure of frequency
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Compression
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More dense area of a longitudinal wave
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Higher Frequency = __ Energy
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Greater
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Greater Amplitude = __ Energy
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Greater
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Speed of a Wave Formula
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Speed= Wavelength * Frequency (V=(upside down y)*F)
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Reflection
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Action of light/sound bouncing off a medium (mirror, echo)
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Refraction
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Bending of waves as they enter a new medium (Pencil appears broken in liquid)
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Diffraction
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Breaking of waves as they hit a new medium (Waves hitting long and splitting)
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Constructive Interference
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2/more waves combine energy when they meet (Crests & troughs on same side of line of origin)
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Destructive Interference
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2/more waves cancel out their energy when they meet (Crests & troughs on opposite sides of line of origin)
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Denser Medium with ___ Speed of a Wave
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Slower because has more inertia
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More Elastic Medium, ___ Speed of a Wave
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Faster
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Interference
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Interaction of 2/more waves that arrive at the same place at the same time
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Ultrasonic
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Sounds with a frequency above the range of human hearing (>20000 Hz)
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Light
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Form of visable energy that travels in transverse waves (Part of electromagnetic spectrum)
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Examples of Radiation w/ Lower Frequency than Light
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TV/Radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves
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Examples of Radiation w/ Higher Frequency
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X-rays, gamma rays, ultraviolet waves
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How Light Travels
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In 1 direction, 1 straigh line
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Transmitted Light
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Passes through an object (window, windshield)
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Absorbed Light
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Turns into heat energy (black clothes)
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Photons
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Light particles
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Opaque Object
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Light is completely blocked
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Transparent Object
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Light can go through
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Translucent Object
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Some light goes through, but not all
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Light Travels __ in Air than Water/Stone
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Faster because air is less dense
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Light Composed of:
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All rainbow colors (ROYGBIV)
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Sound
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Energy that starts with a vibration and travels in longitudinal waves through a medium
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Echolocation
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Process of finding differenct objects using sound waves
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Mach One
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Speed of sound
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Supersonic
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Anything that travels faster than the speed of sound in air
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Sound travels __ in Stone/Water than Air
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Faster because more dense so molecules collide more often and spread energy quicker
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Decibels (dB)
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Measure of amplitude (Determines loudness)
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