Water Supply And Drainage

Front 1

Acidity on pipes causes

Back 1

Corrosion

Front 2

Hardness on pipes

Back 2

Limestone or calcium deposits choke off the flow. And affects the heat exchange

Front 3

Anode

Back 3

A piece of metal is often inserted in the water tank to divert the deposi- tion rather than allowing it to form on the heat exchanger.

Front 4

How to soften water

Back 4

This is done using the zeolite or ion exchange process.

Front 5

Lift: 1psi

Back 5

2.3 ft column water

Front 6

Pressure regulators

Back 6

If pressure exceeds 80psi

Front 7

Downfeed system

Back 7

Tank on roof. Water can be pushed up from below to just about any height. However, it can never be sucked up from above to any height greater than 33 feet, which is the static head equivalent of atmospheric pressure of 14.7 psi.

Front 8

Pneumatic tank

Back 8

pressurized tank in the basement to supply higher levels. Some air is left in the tank, which can be compressed to act as a spring pushing up on the water in the tank

Front 9

Thermal expansion formula

Back 9

∆L = Lk(T – T )

where ∆L = the change in length L = length 2 1 k = coefficient of expansion T1 = original temperature T2 = final temperature

Front 10

Soil stack

Back 10

large pipe into which all of the soil and waste lines from one or more levels empty

Front 11

Vent stack

Back 11

smaller pipe that is the air intake line for all the fixtures, and that is also, separately, open to the outside air at the top.

Front 12

minimum diameter for a vent

Back 12

1 1/4′′ or half the diameter of the drain it services, whichever is larger.

Front 13

Loop venting

Back 13

Branch vent return to stack vent instead of vent stack

Front 14

Interceptor

Back 14

device which keeps grease and other waste matter from the building out of the sewer system

Front 15

Cleanout

Back 15

every 50 feet in pipes under 4 inches in diameter, and every 100 feet in larger pipes.

Front 16

Cesspool

Back 16

cesspool is simply an underground chamber with a porous bottom and porous walls. The sewage soaks into the surrounding ground

Front 17

Septic tanks are sized

Back 17

expected flow of 100 gallons per day per person, with a minimum capacity of 500 gallons.

Front 18

Leach field

Back 18

ceramic pipe laid underground, not quite together end to end, so that the liquid leaks out, over a bed of gravel, which filters the liquid waste before it seeps into the soil.

Front 19

ABS Piping

Back 19

Black pipe for drainage

Front 20

Stack vent vs vent stack

Back 20

Front 21

Gate valve

Back 21

Front 22

Globe valve

Back 22

Front 23

Check valve

Back 23

Front 24

shock arrestors or surge arrestors

Back 24

Solution to water hammer is to insert a cushion or device with a damping effect somewhere in the system

Front 25

fixture unit (FU).

Back 25

fixture unit (FU). The relationship between gallons per minute (gpm) and FU is not constant, but varies with the number of fix- ture units. For example, 1,000 FU is equivalent to 220 gpm, yet 2,000 FU is not double that, but is only 1.5 times as much, or 330 gpm.

Front 26

vacuum breaker

Back 26

Where siphoning is likely. This avoids the waste water being sucked into the faucet if there is a loss of pressure in the supply line,

Front 27

Group d water is naturally: soft or hard?

Back 27

Hard

Front 28

Acidic ph

Back 28

Low ph

Front 29

Catch basin

Back 29

Inlet into the drainage system for water runoff

Front 30

House water pressure:

Back 30

40s. Fixtures are min 20 max 80 psi