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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Regulation of water balance is controlled by |
Hypothalamic mechanisms, ADH, Kidneys and evaporative losses |
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Normal pH range |
7.35-7.45 |
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Disturbances of acid base balance verified by measuring |
pH of arterial blood and CO2 content of venous blood |
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Acidosis examples |
Lactic acidosis and diabetic ketosis |
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Alkalosis causes |
Increased bicarbonate in blood, decreased CO2 on blood, vomiting of acidic gastric contents |
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Water has sp3 orbitals how many have free electrons? |
2 |
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Why water has strong dielectric constant |
Due to strong dipole |
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The strength of interaction between oppositely charged particles is inversely proportional to the _______ |
Dielectric constant |
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Water's dielectric constant at 25°C |
78.5 |
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Water angle |
105° |
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NDI causes |
Resistance to AVP (Arginine Vasopressin) and X linked recessive disorder. |
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NDI symptoms |
Polydypsia polyuria and dehydration |
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Each water molecule has how many hydrogen bonds? |
3.5 |
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H bonds have half life of |
Picoseconds |
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Rupture of H bonds require |
4.5 kcal/mol |
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Electrostatic interactions between oppositely charged groups also called |
Salt bridges |
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Van Der Wals forces decrease as |
Sixth power of distance separating atoms 2-4 A° |
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H bonds are ___ as strong as covalent bonds |
1/20th |
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Ice forms how many hydrogen bonds |
4 |
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ICF is how much by weight |
63% |
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Water's heat of vaporisation |
540 cal/g |
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ECF is how much by weight |
37% |
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Body weight of females |
45% solids and 55% fluids |
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Body weight of males |
40% solids 60% fluids |
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Hydrostatic pressure at arterial end in capillary |
40 mmHg |
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Oncotic pressure in capillary |
25 mmHg |
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Hydrostatic pressure at venous end of capillary |
10 mmHg |
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Aldosterone |
Increases blood volume, b.p, and acts on kidneys and colon, increases absorption of Na and water, increases excretion of K |
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Adrenocortical dysfunction can result in |
Dehydration |
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During dehydration volume of ecf |
Decreases |
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During dehydration osmotic pressure |
Rises |
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Clinical symptoms of dehydration |
Increased pulse rate, low b.p, sunken eye balls, decreased skin turgor, lethargy, confusion, coma |
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Treatment of dehydration |
Water + 5% glucose solution |
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Overhydration symptoms |
Headache, Lethargy and convulsions |
