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Microscopic urinalysis (3rd step)
Check for :
- RBCs
- WBCs
- yeast
- epithelial cells
- crystals
- casts
- bacteria
- artifacts
- macroscopic items
Chemical urinalysis (2nd step)
Check for:
- pH
- proteins
- glucose
- ketones
- bilirubin and urobilinogen
- leukocytes
- nitrites
- blood
Physical urinalysis (1st step)
Check for:
- color
- volume
- turbidity
- odor
- specific gravity
Types of Catheters
- red rubber catheter
- polypropylene catheter
-Foley catheters (indwelling)
Pollakiuria
Abnormal and frequent urination
Catheterization restraint
- Lateral recumbency (male)
- Sternal with caudal end elevated (female)
Dysuria
Difficulty urinating
Anuria
No urination
Hematuria
Blood in the urine
Proteinuria
Presence of glucose on urine
Uremia
Waste products are retained in bloodstream; sign of kidney disease; also called azotemia
Cystocentesis prep
Equipment needed:
- 22g needles in different lengths (3/4 in. - 1 1/2 in.)
- 6 ml and 12 ml syringes
- alcohol
Catheterization prep
Equipment needed:
- zonas tape
- sterile gloves, lubricant and flush
- various sizes of catheters
- chlorhexadine
- for Tom cats: need suture material
- vaginal speculum for female dog