Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Biotin
Deficiency? Function? |
Deficiency: Dermatitis, enteritis. Caused by antibiotics use ingestion of >20 raw eggs.
Function: cogactor for carboxylations: 1. Pyruvate --> Oxaloacetate 2. Acetyl-CoA --> Malonyl-CoA 3. Proprionyl-CoA --> Methylmalonyl-CoA Mnemonic: "AVIDin in egg whites AVIDly binds biotin." |
|
|
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
Deficiency? Function? |
Scurvy - swollen gums, bruising, anemia, poor wound healing.
Function: necessary for hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen synthesis. Facilitates iron absorption by keeping iron in Fe+2 reduced state (more absorbable)Necessary as a cofactor for Dopanine -->NE Mnemonic: Vitamin C Cross-links Collagen. British sailors carried limes to prevent scurvy (origin of the word "limey") |
|
|
Vitamin D
Types? Deficiency? Function? Excess? Mnemonic? |
Types:
D2=ergocalciferol, consumed in milk D3=cholecalciferol, formed in sun exposed skin 25-OH D3=storage form 1,25 (OH)2D3=active form Deficiency: rickets in children (bending bones), osteomalacia in adults (soft bones), and hypocalcemic tetany. Function: increased intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate. Excess: hypercalcemia, loss of apetite, stupor. Seen in sarcoidosis, a disease where the epitheliod macrophages convert vitamin D into its active form. Mnemonic: Remember that drinking milk (fortified with vitamin D) is good for bones. |
|
|
Vitamin E
Deficiency? Function? Mnemonic? |
Deficiency: increased fragility of erythrocytes, neurodysfunction.
Function: Antioxidant (protects erythrocytes from hemolysis) Mnemonic: Vitamin E is for Erythrocytes |
|
|
Vitamin K
Deficiency? Function? Mnemonic? |
Deficiency: neonatal hemorrhage with increased PT and increased aPTT but normal bleeding time, because neonates have sterile intestins and are unable to synthesize Vitamin K.
Function: catalyzes gamma-carboxylation of glutamic acid residues on various proteins concerned with blood clotting. Synthesized by intestinal flora. Therefore, vitamin K deficiency can occur after the prolonged use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Mnemonic: K for Koagulation. Note that vitamin K-dependent clotting factors are II, VII, IX, X and protein C and S. Warfarin is a vitamin K agonist. |
|
|
Zinc deficiency:
|
Delayed wound healing, hypogonadism, decreased, decreased adult hair(axillary, facial) may predispose to ETOH cirrhosis.
|
