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15 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
schemas
cognitive structures of patterns consisting of a number of organized ideas that grow and differentiate with experiences
development psychology
the study of age-related changes in behavior and mental processes from conception to death
formal operational stage
piaget's fourth stage (around age 11 and later) which is characterized by abstract and hypothetical thinking
assimilation
in piaget's theory the process of absorbing new info into existing schemas
sensorimotor stage
piaget's first stage (birth to approx age 2) in which schemas are developed and motor activities
maturation
development governed by automatic, genetically predetermined signals
germinal period
the first stage of prenatal development which begins with conception and ends with implantation in the uterus (the first 2 weeks)
fetal period
the third and final stage of prenatal development (eight weeks to birth)which is characterized by rapid weight gain in the fetus and the fine detailing of bodily organs and systems
cross-sectional method
research design that measures individuals of various ages at one point in time and gives info about age differences
concrete operational stage
piaget's third stage (roughly ages 7 to 11) in which the child can perform mental operations on concrete objects and understand reversibility and conservation, though abstract thinking is not yet present
longitudinal method
research design that measures a single individual or a group of same-aged individuals over an extended period and gives info about age changes
preoperational stage
piaget's second stage (roughly ages 2 to 7 yrs) which is characterized by the ability to employ significant language and to think symbolically though the child lacks operations (reversible mental processes) and thinking is egocentric and animistic.
embryonic period
the second stage of prenatal development which begins after uterine implantation and lasts through the eighth week
accommodation
in piaget's theory the process of adjusting old schemas or developing new ones to a better fit with new info
critical periods
a period of special sensitivity to specific types of learning that shapes the capacity for future development