Virology Exam Ii: Viruses Fight Back

Front 1

What are the main targets in IFN pathways that viruses attack

Back 1

Jak, TYK, STATs, IRF3 and 7

Front 2

How does HSV1 keep protein synthesis active even after the innnate immune system tries to shut it down

Back 2

HSV-1 de-phosphorlates EIL2a which reactivates translation

Front 3

List 4 viruses that secrete cytokine homologs or soluble cytokine receptors

Back 3

1. Pox
2. KHSV
3. HCMV
4. EBV

Front 4

What are three ways that viruses block complement

Back 4

1. binding factors like C3a or C4
2. accelerating decay of components of the pathway
3. binding to Fc portions of Abs blocking Fc mediated functions

Front 5

List 5 ways that viruses can interfere with antigen presentation/ MHC

Back 5

1. prevent dendritic cell maturation
2. Endocytose and degrade ro trap MHC
3. bind TAP proteins and prevent antigen loading
4. trap MHC in ER or golgi
5. down regulate MHC expression

Front 6

List three ways that viruses can interfere with MHC 1 expression

Back 6

1. HIV Nef binds the cytoplasmic tail of MHC and removes it from the cell surface
2. HSV binds tap1, prevents peptide translocation into the ER
3. HIV tat shuts off MHC 1 expression by attacking TFs

Front 7

Given an example of a virus that binds TAP to inhibit MHC expression

Back 7

HSV-1, vaccinia, EBV

Front 8

Give an example of a virus that shuts off MHC expression by attacking transcription factors

Back 8

HIV-tat, adenovirus E1A

Front 9

How does vaccinia interfere with MHC II fxn

Back 9

blocks peptide loading

Front 10

How does HSV-1 interfere with MHC II fxn

Back 10

gB diverts class II away from the cell surface

Front 11

How does HCMV interfere with MHC II fxn

Back 11

US2 induces degradation of MHC

Front 12

Give 4 examples of ways in which viruses can inhibit NK cells

Back 12

1. Adenovirus E3 binds NK death receptor (NKG2D)
2. HCMV UL142 traps death receptor in cis-golgi
3. HCMV UL16 traps receptor in secretory pathway
4. Influenza HA prevents activation and granule release

Front 13

How does HSV-1 interfere with complement (2 ways)

Back 13

1. Binds Fc portion of antibody and prevents activation of classical pathway
2. Binds C3a

Front 14

HOw do West Nile, Dengue, and Yellow Fever viruses interfere with complement

Back 14

NS1 protein binds C4

Front 15

How do smallpox, vaccinia, and HHV interfere with complement

Back 15

viral decay accelerating factors prematurely shut down pathway