Vet Tech Ii Week 7 Fluid Therapy

Front 1

Common reasons to provide fluid therapy

Back 1

maintain hydration

replace fluid losses

treat shock or hypoproteinemia

increase urine output

correcting acid-base/electrolyte disturbances

provide nutritional support

deliver medication

Front 2

body is approximately ____% water

Back 2

60

Front 3

2 body fluid compartments

Back 3

intracellular fluids

extracellular fluids

Front 4

within the cells, interstitial fluid between the cells, intravascular fluid or plasma within the blood vessels

Back 4

intracellular fluids

Front 5

interstitial fluid and plasma

Back 5

extracellular fluids

Front 6

fluids are gained via these two things

Back 6

oral intake

metabolism in the body

Front 7

fluids are lost by these 3 things

Back 7

respiration

excretion

minor routes

Front 8

vomiting and diarrhea, increase in respiration, diseases with polyuria, any chronic or acute injury or disease that causes fluid loss, any disease state or injury that prevents or decreases the oral intake of fluids

Back 8

abnormal fluid loss

Front 9

decrease in weight, increase in skin turgor, tacky mucous membranes, tachycardia, prolonged CRT. These are all signs of what?

Back 9

signs of dehydration

Front 10

percentage of dehydration that is not detectable

Back 10

<5%

Front 11

percentage of dehydration that shows definite increase in skin turgor, slight increase in CRT, possibly dry mucous membranes

Back 11

8%

Front 12

percentage of dehydration that shows slight loss in skin turgor, semi moist mm

Back 12

5-6%

Front 13

percentage of dehydration that shows shock and its clinical signs, very depressed patient, imminent death

Back 13

12-15%

Front 14

percentage of dehydration where skin turgor remains, sunken eyes, increased CRT, dry mucous membranes, increased heart and respiratory rates, cold extremities, possible signs of shock

Back 14

10-12%

Front 15

proportion of blood volume that is occupied by red blood cell

Back 15

PCV (packed cell volume)

Front 16

total serum protein test measures the total amount of protein in the blood. it also measures the amounts of two major groups of proteins in the blood :albumin and globulin

Back 16

total plasma protein

Front 17

PCV and TP increase with:

Back 17

all types of fluid loss, except severe hemorrhage when both decrease

Front 18

measurement of solids in solution

Back 18

USG (urine specific gravity)

Front 19

normal urine production is __ to __ mL/kg/hr

Back 19

1, 2

Front 20

ability to move water across a selective mebrane

Back 20

tonicity

Front 21

isotonic electrolyte solutions, contain primarily water with sodium or glucose

Back 21

crystalloids

Front 22

crystalloids are most commonly used for

Back 22

volume expansion

Front 23

solutions containing a protein or starch

molecules, high molecular weight particles remain intravascular for longer periods of time

Back 23

colloids

Front 24

most commonly used in patients with...

Back 24

cerebral or pulmonary edema, and hyperproteinemia

Front 25

LRS, 0.9% saline, hypertonic saline, plasmalyte, normasol are all examples of what type of fluid

Back 25

crystalloids

Front 26

dextran, hetastarch, plasma, blood, oxyglobin are all examples of what type of fluid

Back 26

colloids

Front 27

5 types of fluid routes

Back 27

oral, subcutaneous, intravenous, intramedullary, intraperitoneal

Front 28

phase of fluid therapy that involves correction of dehydration, replacement of ongoing losses, and provision of maintenance fluid requirements

Back 28

replacement phase

Front 29

phase of fluid therapy:

fluid resuscitation is aimed at restoration of vascular volume in an effort to reverse hypovolemia and/or shock state

Back 29

resuscitation phase

Front 30

phase of fluid therapy:

patients that present without dehydration or ongoing losses may start out on a maintenance rate during hospitalization if they are unwilling or unable to drink adequately on their own

Back 30

maintenance phase

Front 31

formula for resuscitation phase for canine and feline

Back 31

canine: 90mL/kg/hr

feline: 60mL/kg/hr

Front 32

maintenance rate

Back 32

60mL/kg/hr

Front 33

surgical fluid rate

Back 33

10mL/kg/hr

Front 34

contraindications for rapid fluid therapy

Back 34

pulmonary contusions, existing pulmonary edema, brain injury, CHF

Front 35

signs of overhydration

Back 35

restlessness, increased respiratory rate, increased lung sounds, increased blood pressure, chemosis, pitting/peripheral edema