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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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OSTEOLEPIFORMES
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lineage of rhipidistians
enlarged projecting ribs true choana |
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stem tetrapod
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resources vs refuges
ca. 365 MYA |
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Early Tetrapod Features
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AXIAL SKELETON
VERTEBRAE with ZYGAPOPYSES skull and pectoral girdle no connection |
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Ilium
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attaches to spine
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limbs
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distinct carpals, tarsals, phalanges etc.
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Preaxial branching
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proximal carpals/tarsals
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Postaxial branching
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distal carpals, metacarpals and phlaanges
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Polydactylous
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multiDIGITS on limbs, since budding is easy
-all stem tetrapods |
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Batracomorphs
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more aquatic
- 4 digits on forefeet -TEMNOSPONDYLS predominant group --gave rise to LISSAMPHIIBIA ---with PEDICELLATE TEETH |
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Reptilomorphs
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- 5 digits on all feet
gave rise to amniotes -DIADECTES = possibly had amniotc eggs |
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Amniotes
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-AMNIOTIC EGG
--reduces dependence on water -TEMPORAL FENESTRATION |
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Amniote SHELL
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leathery or calcified
-Extra-embryonic membranes: ---ALLANTOIS, CHORION and AMNION |
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TEMPORAL FENESTRATION
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opening in dermatocranium
-TEMPORAL ARCHES separate fenestra --ZYGOMATIC ARCH - lower arch |
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Anapsid
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no fenestra
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Synapsid
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single lower temporal fenestra
-chracteristic of SYNAPSIDIA |
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Diapsid
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2 temporal fenestra
-characteristic of DIAPSIDA |
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Archosauromorpha
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Mesozoic diapsids
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"Thecodonts"
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diverse early form of Archosauromorpha
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Crocodylomorpha
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extinct in modern crocodilians
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Pterosauria
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flying forms
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Dinosauria
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Dinosaurs and Aves
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DInosauria - Ornithischia
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all herbivorous
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DInosauria - Saurischia
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SAUROPODS - large quadrupedal herbivores
THERAPODS - bipedal predators - gives rise to AVES ---eg ARCHAEOPTERYX |
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Lepidosauromorpha
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EURYAPSIDS extinct marine forms
LEPIDOSAURIA - sphenodontidae and Squamata |
