Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Photoperiod |
Period of time each day during which an organism receives light (illumination) |
|
|
Vernalization |
Initiation of a plants flowering process by exposure to prolonged cold (e.g. winter) |
|
|
Nastic movements |
Non-directional, non-permanent movements in response to environmental stimuli |
|
|
Monophyletic |
Common ancestor |
|
|
Non-monophyletc |
Different origins |
|
|
Sister taxa |
The closest related group e.g. seed plants and ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms |
|
|
Synapmorphy |
Shared derived character e.g. vascular tissue for vascular plants |
|
|
Plesiomorphy |
E.g. vascular tissue is plesiomorphy for seed plants but a synapomorphy for vascular plants |
|
|
Polytomy |
It is unknown which group is the closest relative. End-branch with more than two groups from the same node. |
|
|
Eusporangium |
- initiated by many cells - wall several layers thick |
|
|
Leptosporangium |
- initiated by one cell - wall one layer thick |
|
|
Meristem |
Undifferentiated pool of cells from which new cells are formed |
|
|
Central zone |
Pool of undifferentiated stem cells |
|
|
Peripheral zone |
Proliferate and differentiate to lateral organs |
|
|
Rib meristem |
Proliferate and differentiate to the stem |
|
|
Layers of the meristem in different groups |
- Dicots: three layers - Monocots: two layers - Gymnosperms: one layer |
|
|
Anticlinal division |
To the sides (perpendicular to the surface) |
|
|
Periclinal division |
Upwards/downwards (along the surface) |
|
|
Primary phloem |
Protophloem Metaphloem |
|
|
Primary xylem |
Protoxylem: tracheids Metaxylem: Tracheids and sometimes vessels |
|
|
Adaxial side of leaf |
Upper side of leaf - catching light |
|
|
Abaxial side of leaf |
Underside of leaf - gas exchange |
|
|
What is vascular development dependent on? (Two factors) |
- apical-basal formation of the procambium - radial patterning of the vascular strands |
|
|
Hypogynous flower |
Ovary above the receptacle (blomaxel), calyx and corolla (hylle) under ovary |
