Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Causes of Aortic stenosis
|
Calcific in elderly
Congenital bicuspid in young RHD (usu w/ mitral stenosis too) Subaortic = HOCM Supraaortic = coarctation |
|
Angina
Syncope (exertional) Heart failure Delayed carotid upstroke |
Symptoms of aortic stenosis
|
|
Timing: Systolic
Quality: crescendo-decrescendo murmur Location: RUSB Radiation: carotids |
Murmur of aortic stenosis
|
|
Results in:
Concentric LVH LAE RBBB |
Aortic stenosis
concentric LVH is due to pressure overload |
|
Causes of aortic insufficiency
|
RHD
Bicuspid valve Endocarditis |
|
Head bobbing, pulsing uvula
Wide pulse pressure Systolic and diastolic bruits over femoral vein Pulmonary edema Water hammer pulse |
Clinical features of Aortic insufficiency
|
|
Ejection click after S1
|
Aortic stenosis
|
|
Location: LUSB
Timing: Diastolic Quality: Decrescendo +/- diastolic rumble at apex |
Aortic insufficiency
|
|
What is AUstin-Flint murmur?
|
Diastolic rumble at apex due to AI jet interfering w mitral flow
|
|
eccentric LVH
LAD Cardiomegaly +/- Aortic dilitation |
Findings of Aortic insufficiency
eccentric LVH 2/2 volume overload |
|
Causes of Mitral valve stenosis
|
RHD with commissural fusion
Congenital Myxoma Thrombus |
|
Dyspnea
Pulm edema Afib Embolic events |
Features of mitral stenosis
|
|
Location: apex
Timing: diastolic Quality: Rumble w pre-systolic accentuation +/- opening snap after S2 LOUD S1 |
Murmur of mitral stenosis
|
|
LAE
RVH +/- afib dilated LA |
Mitral valve stenosis findings
cant get bld through mitral, so backs up into LA and then into RV. |
|
p mitrale
|
LAE often due to mitral stenosis
|
|
Causes of Mitral regurg
|
Leaflet dysfxn
-myxomatous degeneration -endocarditis -RHD Ruptured chordae Papillary muscle dysfxn Annulus dilation |
|
Dyspnea, pulmonary edema
|
Sx /signs of mitral regurgitation
|
|
Location: Apex
Timing: Systolic Quality: Holosystolic Radiation: Axilla |
Murmur of mitral regurgitation
|
|
LAE
LVH +/- afib Dilated LA, LV Pulmonary congestion |
Findings in Mitral regurg
Blood leaks into LA during systole when supposed to be pushed out aorta-> lae and lvh |
|
Causes of MVP
|
mxyomatous degeneration
Marfans Ehler's danlos |
|
Sx of MVP
|
none usually
|