Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Traditional economics assumes: |
unlimited resource provisioning unlimited capacity for managing waste |
|
|
TEV (total economic value) |
Use -> goods, services, function non-use -> existence/bequest, option |
|
|
Products derived from nature (unsustainable harvest, sustainable harvest) |
forest resources food non-timber forest products medicines |
|
|
services derived from nature (with current and/or future value) |
freshwater carbon pollination storm protection innovation |
|
|
Existence / bequest value |
quality of life tourism cultural value ecological ethic altruism toward others bequest |
|
|
Option value |
the value nature could have - in the future, instead of something else future scientific discoveries future ecosystem based markets value of conservation vs. another option such as habitat conversion or resource extraction |
|
|
How is nature valued? |
Direct economic benefit indirect economic benefit future benefit intrinsic, existence value |
|
|
direct economic benefit |
current price that is being (or could be) paid MARKET VALUATION |
|
|
indirect economic benefit |
current value that may or may not be paid MARKET VALUATION, indirect valuation, externality valuation |
|
|
future benefit |
potential price people will pay Willingness to pay |
|
|
Intrinsic, existence value |
non-market value CONTINGENT VALUATION |
|
|
Why value nature? |
time value of nature > time value of money |
|
|
Ecosystem services: Peru protected forest |
350 000ha Alto Mayo Protected Forest Over 420 bird and 50 mammal species 1M CO2e / year (= 200 000 cars off the road) livelihoods support for people in a changing world |
|
|
Green economics |
changing public and financial policy results in improved human well being and social equity, while significantly reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities |
|
|
Philanthropy |
ensure long-term resources for MPAs in the ETPS (18 sites in Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia and Ecuador) Working with foundation, government, companies and NGOs to raise 30M USD to protect ocean and large pelagics including these schooling hammerheads |
|
|
Regulatory drivers |
compensation and offsets |
|
|
Impact investing |
investment screening responsible business impact funds |
|
|
Corporate social responsibility |
1% commitment - legacy for the planet Over 1 000 000ha and 100M USD spent on longterm conservation |
|
|
Biodiversity sustains... |
a range of important ecosystem goods, services and functions |
|
|
what arguments are important for biodiversity conservations |
economic and ethical arguments |
