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110 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Albuterol
Names: |
Accuneb
Proventil Ventolin VoSpire ER ProAir HFA |
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Albuterol
Mechanism of Action: |
Sympathomimetic amine, beta-adrenergic agonist that selectively acts of the beta (2)-adrenergic receptors. This results in bronchial smooth muscle relaxation.
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Albuterol
Indications: |
Asthma, acute bronchospasm
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Albuterol
Contraindications: |
Hypersensitivity to albuterol
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Albuterol
Complications: |
Hypokalemia, a-fib, MI, diabetic ketoacidosis, pulmonary edema, SVT, paradoxical bronchospasm
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Albuterol
Routes of Administration: |
Inhalation
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Albuterol
Side Effects: |
CP, tremors, HA, dizziness, nervousness/anxiety
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Albuterol
Interactions: |
Atomoxetine, betablockers, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, digoxin
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Albuterol
Dosing: |
Adult Dosing:
2.5mg in 3mL NS, no max Pediatric Dosing: 1years and older 2.5mg in 3mL NS, no max |
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Albuterol
Special Considerations: |
Pregnancy, hyperthyroidism, cardiovascular disorders, diabetes
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Aspirin (ASA)
Names: |
Ecotrin
Bayer Ascriptin Aspergum Aspirtab Easpirin Ecpirin Entercote |
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Aspirin (ASA)
Mechanism of Action: |
Inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis and platelet aggregation.
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Aspirin (ASA)
Indications: |
MI, Fever, Pain
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Aspirin (ASA)
Contraindications: |
Hypersensitivity to NSAIDS or ASA, children/teens with chickenpox or flu symptoms (Reye's Syndrome), asthma, rhinitis
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Aspirin (ASA)
Complications: |
Reye's Syndrome, bleeding, gastrointestinal distress
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Aspirin (ASA)
Routes of Administration: |
Oral (Chewing is preferred in cardiac cases)
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Aspirin (ASA)
Side Effects: |
GI ulcers, bleeding, tinnitus, bronchospasm, angioedema, Reye's syndrome, nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia
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Aspirin (ASA)
Interactions: |
Heparin, influenza vaccine, ketorolac, warfarin, antiplatelet agents, fluoxetine, varicella virus, NSAIDS
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Aspirin (ASA)
Dosing: |
Adult Dose:
324mg PO (2-4 children's aspirin), Max 324mg DO NOT CHEW ENTERIC COATED Pediatric Dose: Not recommended |
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Aspirin (ASA)
Special Considerations: |
Pregnancy, alcohol ingestion, take drug with 8oz of water, take with food or milk.
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Dextrose (50%)
Names: |
Insta-Glucose
Dex4 Enfamil Glucose Glutol Glutose Similac Glucose CVS Glucose |
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Dextrose (50%)
Mechanism of action: |
Provides a source of water and carbohydrate.
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Dextrose (50%)
Indications: |
Hypoglycemia
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Dextrose (50%)
Contraindications: |
Simultaneous administration with blood products through same infusion set.
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Dextrose (50%)
Complications: |
IV site extravasation, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral ischemia, pulmonary edema.
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Dextrose (50%)
Routes of Administration: |
IV/IO
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Dextrose (50%)
Side Effects: |
Hyperglycemia
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Dextrose (50%)
Interactions: |
Blood products
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Dextrose (50%)
Dosing: |
Adult Dose:
25g IV push, no max Pediatric Dose: D25% (< 6mo) 0.5g/kg IV/IO, max 25g D50% (6mo & greater) 0.5g/kg D50 IV/IO |
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Dextrose (50%)
Special Considerations: |
Pregnancy, Diabetes, Possible head injuries
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Epinephrine
Names: |
Epipen
Twinject Adrenalin Chloride Adrenaclick |
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Epinephrine
Mechanism of Action: |
Sympathomimetic catecholamine. Causes vasoconstriction through its effect on alpha-adrenergic receptors to counter vasodilation and increased vascular permeability. Induces relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle by acting on beta-adrenergic receptors to alleviate wheezing and dyspnea.
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Epinephrine
Indications: |
Anaphylaxis, Asthma
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Epinephrine
Contraindications: |
Tachydysrhythmias, CAD
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Epinephrine
Complications: |
Cardiac dysrhythmias, v-fib, cerebral hemorrhage, pulmonary edema.
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Epinephrine
Routes of Administration: |
IM & SQ
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Epinephrine
Side Effects: |
Tachydysrythmias, v-tach, v-fib, angina, HTN, CP, tremors, HA, dizziness or nervousness
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Epinephrine
Interactions: |
Betablockers, tricyclic antidepressants, digoxin, promethazine
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Epinephrine
Dosing: |
Adult Dose:
0.5mg IM/SQ (1:1000), Max dose 1.5mg Pediatric Dose: 0.01mg/kg IM/SQ (1:1000) Max dose 1.5mg |
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Epinephrine
Special Considerations: |
Hold auto injector for at least 10 sec, Pregnancy
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Glucagon
Names: |
Glucagen
Glucagon |
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Glucagon
Mechanism of action: |
Induces liver glycogen breakdown, releasing glucose from the liver.
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Glucagon
Indications: |
Hypoglycemia
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Glucagon
Contraindications: |
Hypersensitivity to glucagon, lactose or any components of the product, insulinoma
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Glucagon
Complications: |
None
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Glucagon
Routes of Administration: |
IM
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Glucagon
Side Effects: |
Rash, Nausea, Vomiting
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Glucagon
Interactions: |
Oral anticoagulants
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Glucagon
Dosing: |
Adult Dose:
1mg IM Pediatric Dose: <20kg 0.5mg SQ/IM, Max dose 1mg >20kg 1mg SQ/IM, Max dose 1mg |
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Glucagon
Special Considerations: |
Give patient something to eat as soon as patient is alert and oriented. IM glucagon can take time to work.
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Glucose
Names: |
Glutose
Dex4 Insta-glucose |
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Glucose
Mechanism of Action: |
Provides a source of water and carbohydrate, may minimize liver glycogen depletion.
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Glucose
Indications: |
Hypoglycemia
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Glucose
Contraindications: |
Unconscious patients, patient's unable to protect airway.
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Glucose
Complications: |
None
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Glucose:
Routes of Administration: |
Oral
Tabs and jelly. |
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Glucose
Side Effects: |
Hyperglycemia, emesis.
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Glucose
Interactions: |
None
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Glucose
Dose: |
Adult dosing:
1 tube Pediatric Dosing: 1 tube |
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Glucose
Special Considerations: |
Give only to patients who are awake and able to protect their airway. Administer slowly. Make sure patient gets additional nutrients to ensure glucose remains in normal range.
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Normal Saline
Names: |
0.9% Sodium Chloride
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Normal Saline
Mechanism of Action: |
Source of water and electrolyte. Expand intravenous volume.
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Normal Saline
Indications: |
Hypovolemia, hyperthermia, should be used to maintain patency of IV lines.
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Normal Saline
Contraindications: |
Cardiac insufficiency, edema, impaired renal function, increased ICP. Benefits need to be weighed against possible negatives.
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Normal Saline
Complications: |
CHF, hypernatremia, DIC, overhydration
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Normal Saline
Routes of Administration: |
IV
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Normal Saline
Side Effects: |
Phlebitis, IV site extravasation, hypervolemia, urinary frequency, decrease in patient's temperature (dependent on NS temperature).
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Normal Saline
Interactions: |
None
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Normal Saline
Dosing: |
Adult Dosing:
500mL bolus, unless directed by medical control. Pediatric Dosing: 20mL/kg bolus. |
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Normal Saline
Special Considerations: |
Impaired renal function, edema, cardiac insufficiency.
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Lactated Ringers
Names: |
Lactated Ringers
Ringers Lactate |
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Lactated Ringers
Mechanism of Action: |
Provide sources of water and electrolytes. Resembles normal plasma and the solution is therefore suitable for parenteral replacement of extracellular losses of fluid and electrolytes.
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Lactated Ringers
Indications: |
Replacement of extracellular losses of fluid and electrolytes.
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Lactated Ringers
Contraindications: |
Lactic acidosis
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Lactated Ringers
Complications: |
Changes in fluid balance and electrolyte concentrations. Metabolic Acidosis
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Lactated Ringers
Routes of Administration: |
IV/IO
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Lactated Ringers
Side Effects: |
Febrile response, injection site extravasation, phlebitis, thrombosis, hypervolemia.
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Lactated Ringers
Interactions: |
Ceftriaxone
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Lactated Ringers
Dosing: |
Adult Dosing:
500mL bolus, unless directed by medical control. Pediatric Dosing: 20mL/kg bolus. |
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Lactated Ringers
Special Considerations: |
Renal insufficiency patients, edema, alkalosis.
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Naloxone
Names: |
Narcan
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Naloxone
Mechanism of Action: |
Opioid antagonist. Competes for opiate receptor sites in the CNS.
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Naloxone
Indications: |
Opiate OD, coma, reversal of opiate.
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Naloxone
Contraindications: |
Hypersensitivity to naloxone.
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Naloxone
Complications: |
Cardiac arrest, hypertension, v-fib, v-tach, dyspnea, pulmonary edema.
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Naloxone
Routes of Administration: |
IV/IM/IO/Nasal
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Naloxone
Side Effects: |
Opioid withdrawal.
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Naloxone
Interactions: |
Yohimbine, clonidine
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Naloxone
Dosing: |
Adult dosing:
2mg IV/IM/IO/Nasal, no max dose. Pediatric Dosing: 0.1mg/kg IV/ET/IO/Nasal, max dose 2mg |
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Naloxone
Special Considerations: |
Can cause acute withdrawal syndrome. Titrating doses of Naloxone may be best.
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Nitroglycerin
Names: |
NitroMist
Nitrek Nitrotab Nitrostat Nitrolingual Nitro-Dur Nitro-Bid Minitran |
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Nitroglycerin
Mechanism of Action: |
Vasodilating agent that relieves tension on vascular smooth muscle and dilates peripheral veins and arteries.
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Nitroglycerin
Indications: |
ACS, angina, hypertension, CHF with APE
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Nitroglycerin
Contraindications: |
Systolic BP below 90mmhg, hypovolemia, intracranial bleeding, aortic stenosis, R ventricle infarct, severe bradycardia or tachycardia, recent use of Cialis, Viagra, or Levitra.
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Nitroglycerin
Complications: |
Hypotension, anaphylactic reaction
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Nitroglycerin
Routes of Administration: |
PO, sublingual, transdermal
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Nitroglycerin
Side Effects: |
Hypotension, flushing of skin, dizziness, HA, lightheadedness.
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Nitroglycerin
Interactions: |
Alteplase, heparin, acetylcysteine, aspirin, nitric oxide, ETOH, erectile dysfunction medications.
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Nitroglycerin
Dosing: |
Adult Dosing:
0.4mg sublingual tab q5min 0.4mg sublingual spray q5min 1-2cm of paste (6-12mg) topically Pediatric Dosing: Not recommended |
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NItroglycerin
Special Considerations: |
Do not give to patients taking erectile dysfunction medications.
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Nitrous Oxide
Names: |
Laughing Gas
Dinitrogen Monoxide Hyponitrous Acid Anhydride |
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Nitrous Oxide
Mechanism of Action: |
General inhalation anesthetic, low anesthetic potency and muscle relaxant properties.
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Nitrous Oxide
Indications: |
Pain
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Nitrous Oxide
Contraindications: |
No more than 24 hours of continuous Nitrous Oxide.
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Nitrous Oxide
Complications: |
Cardiac dysrythmias, hypotension, pulmonary hypertension, malignant hyperthermia, SZ, apnea
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Nitrous Oxide
Routes of Administration: |
Inhalation
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Nitrous Oxide
Side Effects: |
Nausea, vomiting, bowel distention
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Nitrous Oxide
Interactions: |
Hydromorphone, lidocaine, oxycodone, pancuronium, St. John's Wort, Vecuronium
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Nitrous Oxide
Dosing: |
Unknown
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Nitrous Oxide
Special Considerations: |
Do not administer without oxygen.
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