Usmle Step 2: Ent Qbank

Front 1

Menier's disease

Back 1

combo of vertigo, ear fullness, tinnitus, and hearing loss.

disorder of INNER EAR

tx?

Hint 1

first line: environmental and dietary modification including maintenance of a low salt diet.

triggers that increase endolymphatic retension should be avoided including alcohol, caffeine, nicotine, and foods high in salt.

medical therapy with diuretics, antihistamines, or anticholinergics usually considered if lifestyle mods are unsuccessful

Front 2

malignant otitis externa

Back 2

potentially serious infxn of external ear usually caused by pseudomonas -> typically seen in elderly pts with poorly controlled DM and p/w ear pain, drainage, and granulation tissue within the ear canal on otoscopic exam.

IV cipro is most effetive treatment.

Front 3

sensorineural hearing loss that occurs with aging

Back 3

presbycusis -> usually first noticed in the 6th decade of life, p/w high-frequency, bilateral hearing loss.

often have difficulty hearing in noisy, crowded environments

Front 4

distinguishing peritonsillar abscess from epiglottidis

Back 4

deviation of uvula and unilateral lymphadenopathy

Front 5

epiglottidis: most common organisms

Back 5

H. inluenzae and Strep pneumoniae

Front 6

retropharyngeal abscess

Back 6

often c/o sore throat, fever, difficulty swallowing, pain with swallowing, and pain with certain neck movements, particularly neck extension.

tx must be initiated rapidly in order to prevent spread of infxn into the mediastinum!!!

Front 7

new onset, bilateral hearing loss raises concern for ?

Back 7

medication induced ototoxicity -> aminoglycoside antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, ASA, and loop diuretics

Front 8

TMJ dysfunction

Back 8

can result in referred pain to the ear that is worsened with chewing. Pts typically report a h/o nocturnal teeth grinding.

Front 9

leukoplakia vs squamous cell carcinoma

Back 9

leukoplakia: presents as white patches or plaques over the oral mucosa that usually cannot be scraped off. Risk factors for development of leukoplakia are similar to those for squamous cell carcinoma.

squamou cell carcinoma usually presents as persistent nodular, erosive or ulcerative lesions without surrounding erythema or induration. Regional lymphadenopathy can be present as well.

Front 10

Nasal polyp

Back 10

often a/w chronic rhinosinusitis, asthma, and ASA or NSAID-induced bronchospasm in a condition known as ASA exacerbated respiratory dz.

They frequently cause sx of bilateral nasal obstruction, nasal d/c, and anosmia