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45 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Where are the majority of adult primary tumors located?
Supratentorial
Where are the majority of childhood primary tumors located?
Infratentorial
What are the most common adult tumors in the brain? Describe appearance/location.
Metastatses; well circumscribed; usually present at gray-white jct
Major adult primary brain tumors
Glioblastoma multiforme (grade IV astrocytoma)
Meningioma
Schwannoma
Oligodendroglioma
Pituitary adenoma
Major childhood primary tumors
Pilocytic (low grade) astrocytoma
Medulloblastoma
Ependymoma
Hemangioblastoma
Craniopharyngioma
Most common primary brain tumor in adults
Glioblastoma multiforme
Most common location for glioblastoma multiforme
Cerebral hemispheres
Expected life expenctancy for glioblastoma multiforme
Less than 1 yr
Histology of glioblastoma multiforme
"pseudopalisading" pleomorphic tumor cells-border central areas of necrosis and hemorrhage
Gross appearance of glioblastoma multiforme
"butterfly glioma" can cross corpus callosum
2nd most common primary brain tumor in adults
Meningioma
Most common location for meningioma
Convexities of hemispheres and parasagittal region
Origin of cells in meningiomas
Arachnoid cells external to brain
Treatment for meningiomas
Resectable
Histology of meningioma
Spindle cells concentrically arranged in a whorled pattern; psammoma bodies (laminated calcifications)
3rd most common primary brain tumor in adults
Schwannoma
Most frequent location of schwannoma
CN VIII at cerebellopontine anglek
Treatment for schwannoma
Resectable
Bilateral acoustic schwannomas pathognomonic for?
Neurofibromatosis type II
Most common location for oligodendroglioma
Frontal lobes
Histology of oligodendroglioma
Chicken wire capillary pattern
"fried egg appearance"-round nuclei w/clear cytoplasm; often calified
Most common type of pituitary adenoma
Prolactinoma
Common symptoms of pituitary adenoma
Bitemporal hemianopia due to pressure on optic chiasm
Hyper or hypopituitarism as sequelae
Location of pituitary adenoma
Rathke's pouch
Most common location of pilocytic astrocytoma in children
Posterior fossa; may be supratentorial
Gross appearance of pilocytic astromcytoma
Well circumscribed
Prognosis for pilocytic astrocytoma
Benign; good prognosis
Histology of pilocytic astrocytoma
Rosenthal fibers-eosinophlic corkscrew fibers
Medulooblastoma; origin/location and behavior
Highly malignant cerebellar tumor; neuroectodermal origin
Medulloblastoma: common sequelae
Can compress 4th ventricle causing hydrocephalus
Medulloblastoma histology
Blue, small round cells w/pseudorosettes
Treatment f medulloblastoma
Radiosensitive
Cellular marker for GBM and pilocytic astrocytoma
GFAP
Ependymoma most common location
4th ventricle
Common presentation of ependymoma
Hydrocephalus
Prognosis for ependymoma
Poor
Histology of ependymoma
Perivascular pseudorosettes; rod-shaped blepharoplasts (basal ciliary bodies) found near nucleus
Mot common location for hemangioblastoma
Cerebellar
Disease associated with hemangioblastoma
Von Hippel Lindau syndrome w/retinal angiomas
Hormone that can be produced from hemangioblastoma and neoplastic effect
Can produce EPO causing secondary polycythemia
Histology of hemangioblastoma
Foamy cells and high vascularity
Common symptoms of craniopharyngioma
Bitemporal hemianopia
Most common supratentorial tumor
Craniopharyngioma (benign childhood tumor)
Histology of craniopharyngioma
Calficiation common (tooth enamel like)
Derivation of craniopharyngioma
Rathke's pouch derived