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32 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
bethanechol
systemic - muscarinic agonist (for ileus - postop and for urinary retention

DIRECT ACTING
methacholine
muscarinic agonist - dx: bronchial hyperreactivity

not used in tx (only in dx)

remember the -choline suffix!!

DIRECT ACTING
pilocarpine
muscarinic agonist - tx: glaucoma (topical) and xerostermia (dry mouth)

DIRECT ACTING
Ach
muscarinic agonist - no clinical use (theoretical)

DIRECT ACTING
edrophonium
INDIRECT ACTING
acetylcholinesterase INHIBITOR (ie incr's ACh in synapse)

used in dx: myasthenia gravis (ultra short acting) - also differentiates myasthenia from cholinergic crisis/desensitized receptors/too much neostigmine)
physostigmine
INDIRECT ACTING
acetylcholinesterase INHIBITOR (ie incr's ACh in synapse)

enters CNS -- crosses BBB

tx: atropine OVERDOSE!!! (cannot use neostigmine bc that WILL NOT cross the BBB)
neostigmine, pyridostigmine
INDIRECT ACTING
acetylcholinesterase INHIBITOR (ie incr's ACh in synapse)

neostigmine --> cholinergic crisis

used for reversal of nondepolarizing NM blockers

quaternary amine - do NOT cross BBB
donepezil, tacrine
INDIRECT ACTING
acetylcholinesterase INHIBITOR (ie incr's ACh in synapse)

used in tx of alzheimers dz bc they

lipid soluble --> side effects of incr acetylcholine in every synapse in the body... think about it
organophosphates
INDIRECT ACTING
acetylcholinesterase INHIBITOR (ie incr's ACh in synapse)

ON EVERY BOARD EXAM - TESTED EVERY YEAR FOR THEIR PROTOTYPICAL TOXICITIES

lipid soluble - irreversible inhibitors

insecticide - occupational exposure - think FARMERS

echothiophate - glaucoma
atropine
antimuscarinic drug

used as:
antispasmodic, antisecretory, AChE inhibitor overdose, antidiarrheal, opthalmology, but LONG ACTION
tropicamide
antimuscarinic - used ONLY for topical opthalmological

TROPIcamide --> like atropine
ipratropium
ipraTROPIum

antimuscarinic --> tx: asthma, COPD (decr secretion) - decr in VOLUME of secretions but does not DRY membranes - no change in mucus viscosity
scopolamine
motion sickness - antimuscarinic

--> sedation and short-term memory block

nerve 8 - auditory nerve is strictly a muscarinically driven nerve

anterograde amnesia - you can't memorize new shit!
benztropine and trihexyphenidyl
antimuscarinics

used to tx parkinsons (remember BENZ - PARK MY BENZ)
hexamethonium
put a hex on smokersto help them quit

remember the theoretical use of this drug

GANGLIONIC BLOCKERS!!!!
fenoldapam
D1 agonist used for severe hypertension
phenylephrine
alpha 1 agonist

nasal decongestant - ophthalmologic use (mydriasis withOUT cycloplegia!!)
methoxamine
alpha 1 agonist

paroxysmal atrial tachycardia thru vagal reflex (arrhythmia --> compromised CO)

this drug --> incr BP --> reflex bradycardia (used to slow down a tachycardia)
clonidine
alpha 2 agonist -- mild --> moderate HTN
methyldopa
alpha 2 agonist --> mild --> moderate HTN
isoproterenol
beta 1 = beta 2 agonist

tx: bronchospasm, heart block, bradyarrhythmia,

side effects: flushing, angina, arrhythmias
dobutamine
beta 1 > beta 2 (equivalent to beta 1 selectivity) agonist

CHF
salmetrol, albuterol, terbutaline
used in asthma

beta 2 agonists (selective)
ritodrine
premature labor

b2 agonist (selective)
tyramine
red wine / cheese

mao-A - metabolizes, NE, 5HT and tyramine


INDIRECT ACTING ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR AGONSITS
amphetamines
psychostimulant due to central release of DA, NE, 5HT

INDIRECT ACTING ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR AGONSITS
ephedrine
cold medication

INDIRECT ACTING ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR AGONSITS
phenoxygenzamine
DOC of pheochromocytoma!!!
noncompetitive inhibitor of alpha receptors

compare to phentolamine (competitive)
phentolamine
competitive inhibitor of alpha receptors
prazosin, doxazosin, terazosin, tamsulosin
selective alpha 1 blocker!!
yohimbine
used in postural hypotensions and impotence!

selective alpha 2 blocker
mirtizapine
used as antidepressant

selective alpha 2 blocker