Usmle: Neoplasms: Assc Diseases, Oncogenes, Tumor Supressor Genes, Tumor Markers

Front 1

Oncogene: c-myc

Back 1

Burkitt's lymphoma

Front 2

Oncogene: bcl-2

Back 2

follicular and undifferentiated lymphomas (inhibits apoptosis)

Front 3

Oncogene: erb-B2

Back 3

breast, ovarian, and gastric carcinomas

Front 4

Oncogene: ras

Back 4

colon carcinoma

Front 5

Oncogene: L-myc

Back 5

lung tumor

Front 6

Oncogene: N-myc

Back 6

neuroblastoma

Front 7

Oncogene: ret

Back 7

multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) types II and III

Front 8

Tumor Suppressor gene: Rb

Back 8

13q, retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma

Front 9

Tumor Suppressor gene: BRCA1 and 2

Back 9

17q, 13q, breast and ovarian cancer

Front 10

Tumor Suppressor gene: p53

Back 10

17p, most human cancers, Li Fraumeni syndrome

Front 11

Tumor Suppressor gene: APC

Back 11

5q, colorectal cancer (adenomatous polyps and colon cancer)

Front 12

Tumor Suppressor gene: WT1

Back 12

11q, Wilms' tumor

Front 13

Tumor Suppressor gene: NF1

Back 13

17p, neurofibromatosis type 1

Front 14

Tumor Suppressor gene: NF2

Back 14

22q, neurofibromatosis type 2

Front 15

Tumor Suppressor gene: DPC

Back 15

18q, colon cancer

Front 16

Tumor Suppressor gene: DCC

Back 16

18q, colon cancer

Front 17

Tumor Marker: PSA

Back 17

prostate-specific antigen, prostatic carcinoma, used for screening

Front 18

Tumor Marker: CEA

Back 18

carcinoembryoic antigen, nonspecific, but produced by 70% of colorectal and panc cancers, also produced by gastric and breast carcinomas

Front 19

Tumor Marker: alpha-fetoprotein

Back 19

normally made by fetus, hepatocellular carcinomas, nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis (e.g. yolk sac tumor)

Front 20

Tumor Marker: beta-hCG

Back 20

Hydatidiform moles, Choriocarcinomas, and Gestational trophoblastic tumors

Front 21

Tumor Marker: CA-125

Back 21

ovarian, malignant epithelial tumors

Front 22

Tumor Marker: S-100

Back 22

melanoma, neural tumors, astrocytomas

Front 23

Tumor Marker: alkaline phosphatase

Back 23

metastases to bone, obstructive biliary disease, Paget's disease of bone

Front 24

Tumor Marker: Bombesin

Back 24

neuroblastoma, lung and gastric cancer

Front 25

Tumor Marker: TRAP

Back 25

tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, hairy-cell leukemia--a B cell neoplasm

Front 26

HTLV-1

Back 26

(adult) human t-cell leukemia virus

Front 27

HBV, HCV

Back 27

hepatocellular carcinoma

Front 28

EBV

Back 28

Burkitt's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Front 29

HPV

Back 29

cervical carcinoma (types 16, 18), penile/anal carcinoma

Front 30

HHV-8

Back 30

= Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, Kaposi's sarcoma, body cavity fluid B-cell lymphoma

Front 31

Aflatoxins

Back 31

liver (hepatocellular carcinoma), toxic compounds produced by mold, ex. in peanuts

Front 32

vinyl chloride

Back 32

liver (angiosarcoma), flammable gas used in plastics industry

Front 33

Nitrosamines

Back 33

esophagus, stomach, in various products, tobacco, others

Front 34

Asbestos

Back 34

lung (mesothelioma and bronchogenic carcinoma), used in fire-proof insulation

Front 35

Arsenic

Back 35

skin (squamous cell carcinoma), in insecticides, weed killers

Front 36

CCl4

Back 36

liver (centrilobular necrosis, fatty change), in fire extinguishers and dry cleaning fluid

Front 37

naphthalene (aniline) dyes

Back 37

bladder (transitional cell carcinoma)

Front 38

Associated neoplasm? Down syndrome

Back 38

ALL (we ALL fall DOWN)

Front 39

Associated neoplasm? Xeroderma pigmentosum Albinism

Back 39

Melanoma, Basal cell carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma (skin)

Front 40

Associated neoplasm? Chronic atrophic gastritis, Pernicious anemia, Post surgical gastric remnants

Back 40

Gastric adenocarcinoma

Front 41

Associated neoplasm? Tuberous slcerosis (facial angiofibroma, seizure, mental retardation)

Back 41

Astocytoma, Angiomyolipoma, Cardiac rhabdomyoma

Front 42

Associated neoplasm? Actinic keratosis

Back 42

Squamous cell carcinoma (skin)

Front 43

Associated neoplasm? Barrett's esophagus (chronic GI reflux)

Back 43

Esophageal adenocarcinoma

Front 44

Associated neoplasm? Plummer-Vinson syndrome (atrophic glossitis, esophageal webs, anemia - all due to iron deficiency)

Back 44

Squamous cell carcinoma (esophagus)

Front 45

Associated neoplasm? Cirrhosis (alcoholic, Hep B or C)

Back 45

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Front 46

Associated neoplasm? Ulcerative colitis

Back 46

Colonic adenocarcinoma

Front 47

Associated neoplasm? Paget's disease of bone

Back 47

Secondary osteosarcoma, Fibrosarcoma

Front 48

Associated neoplasm? Immunodeficiency states

Back 48

Malignant lymphomas

Front 49

Associated neoplasm? AIDS

Back 49

Aggressive malignant lymphomas (non-Hodgkin's), Kaposi's sarcoma

Front 50

Associated neoplasm? Autoimmune diseases (Hashimoto's thyroditis, myasthenia gravis)

Back 50

Benign and malignant lymphomas

Front 51

Associated neoplasm? Acanthosis nigricans (hyperpigmentation and epidermal thickening)

Back 51

Visceral malignancy (stomach, lung breast, uterus)

Front 52

Associated neoplasm? Dysplastic nevus

Back 52

Malignant melanoma

Front 53

Associated neoplasm? Radiation exposure

Back 53

Sarcoma