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154 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Albumino-Cytologic Dissociation
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Guillain-Barre (markedly increased protein in CSF with only modest increase in cell count)
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Antiplatelet Antibodies
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Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
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Arachnodactyly
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Marfan’s
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Aschoff Bodies
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Rheumatic fever
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Auer Rods
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Acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML type M3)
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Autosplenectomy
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Sickle cell anemia: switch a E6V in b chain
Low O2 Increased sickling Aplastic crisis w/ B19 (Parvovirus ssDNA) infection Salmonella osteomyelitis Vaso-occlusive painful crisises Hydroxyurea as Txt ( HbF); Bone marrow transplant |
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Babinski
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UMN lesion
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Basophilic Stippling of RBCs
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Lead poisoning
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Bence Jones Protein
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Multiple myeloma free light chains (either kappa or lambda)
Waldenstrom’s macroglobinemia |
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Birbeck Granules
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Histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)
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Blue Bloater
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Chronic Bronchitis (at least 3 months for at least 2 years of ecessive mucus secretion & chronic recurrent productive cough)
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Boot-Shaped Heart
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Tetralogy of Fallot
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Bouchard’s Nodes
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Osteoarthritis (Proximal IP joint of the fingers)
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Boutonniere’s Deformity
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Rheumatoid arthritis flex proximal & extend distal IP joints
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Brown Tumor
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Hyperparathyroidism
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Brushfield Spots
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Down’s
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Call-Exner Bodies
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Granulosa cell tumor: associated w/ endometrial hyperplasia & carcinoma
Granuloma-Theca cell tumor |
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Cardiomegaly with Apical Atrophy
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Chagas’ Disease
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Chancre
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1° Syphilis
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Chancroid
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Haemophilus ducreyi
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Charcot Triad
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Multiple sclerosis = nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech
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Charcot-Leyden Crystals
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Bronchial asthma
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Cheyne-Stokes Breathing
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Characterized by oscillation of ventilation between apnea and tachypnea with a crescendo-decrescendo pattern in the depth of respirations
Caused by damage to respiratory centers |
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Chocolate Cysts
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Endometriosis
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Chvostek’s Sign
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Hypocalcemia facial spasm in tetany
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Clue Cells
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Gardnerella vaginitis
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Codman’s Triangle
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Osteosarcoma
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Cold Agglutinins
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Infectious mononucleosis |
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Condyloma Lata
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2° Syphilis
New coffee flavor at Bagel & Bagel |
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Cotton Wool Spots
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Puffy white spots in the retina caused by damaged nerve fibers due to ischemia-induced swelling
Most commonly associated with diabetes and HTN |
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Councilman Bodies
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Dying hepatocytes – HepB
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Crescents In Bowman’s Capsule
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Rapidly progressive (crescentic) glomerulonephritis
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Currant-Jelly Sputum
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Klebsiella
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Curschmann’s Spirals
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Bronchial asthma
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Depigmentation Of Substantia Nigra
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Parkinson’s
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Donovan Bodies
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Granuloma inguinale (STD)
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Eburnation
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Osteoarthritis (polished, ivory-like appearance of bone)
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Ectopia Lentis
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Marfan’s
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Erythema Chronicum Migrans
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Lyme Disease
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Fatty Liver
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Alcoholism
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Ferruginous Bodies
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Asbestosis - & Iron laden
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Ghon Focus / Complex
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Tuberculosis (1° & 2°, respectively)
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Glitter Cells
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Acute Pyelonephritis
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Gower’s Maneuver
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Duchenne’s MD use of arms to stand
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Heberden’s Nodes
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Osteoarthritis (Distal IP joint of the fingers)
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Heinz Bodies
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G6PDH Deficiency
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Heterophil Antibodies
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Infectious mononucleosis (EBV)
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Hirano Bodies
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Alzheimer’s
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Hypersegmented PMNs
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Megaloblastic anemia
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Hypochromic Microcytic RBCs
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Iron-deficiency anemia or b Thalassemia
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Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction
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Over-aggressive treatment of an asymptomatic pt. that leads to death of pathogen with concurrent release of toxins:
-Syphilis -Bartonellosis -Brucellosis -Typhoid fever |
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Joint Mice
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Osteoarthritis (fractured osteophytes)
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Kaussmaul Breathing
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Acidosis / Diabetic Ketoacidosis
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Keratin Pearls
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Squamous Cell CA of skin Actinic Keratosis is a precursor, lung CA, other squamous cell CA
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Keyser-Fleischer Ring
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Wilson’s
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Kimmelstiel-Wilson Nodules
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Diabetic nephropathy: Nodular Glomerulosclerosis nodules of mesangial matrix
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Koilocytes
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HPV 6 & 11 (condyloma acuminatum - benign) and HPV 16 & 18 (malignant association)
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Koplik Spots
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Measles
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Lewy Bodies
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Parkinson’s (eosinophilic inclusions in damaged substantia nigra cells)
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Lines of Zahn
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Thrombus in aorta or atria
Visible and microscopic laminations produced by alternating pale layers of platelets mixed with fibrin and darker layer containing red blood cells Implies thrombus formation at site of rapid blood flow |
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Lisch Nodules
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Neurofibromatosis (von Recklinhausen’s disease) = pigmented iris hamartomas
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Lumpy-Bumpy IF Glomeruli
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Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis – prototype of nephritic syndrome
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Mallory Bodies
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Alcoholic hepatitis
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McBurney’s Sign
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Appendicitis (McBurney’s Point is 2/3 of the way from the umbilicus to anterior superior iliac spine)
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Michealis-Gutmann Bodies
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Malakoplakia lesion on bladder due to macros & calcospherites (M-G Bodies): usually due to E. Coli
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Monoclonal Antibody Spike
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Multiple myeloma this is called the M protein (usually IgG or IgA)
MGUS |
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Myxedema
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Hypothyroidism
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Negri Bodies
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Rabies
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Neuritic Plaques
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Alzheimer’s
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Neurofibrillary Tangles
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Alzheimer’s
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Non-pitting Edema
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Myxedema
Anthrax Toxin |
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Notching of Ribs
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Coarctation of Aorta
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Nutmeg Liver
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CHF = causing congested liver
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Owls Eye Cells
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CMV, EBV
Reed Sternburg Cells (Hodgkins Lymphoma) |
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Painless Jaundice
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Pancreatic CA (head)
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Pannus
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Rheumatoid arthritis, also see morning stiffnes that increases w/ joint use, HLA-DR4
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Pautrier’s Microabscesses
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Mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma), Sezary
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Philadelphia Chromosome
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CML
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Pick Bodies
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Pick’s Disease
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2 types of COPD
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Pink Puffer – Type A: Emphysema
Blue Bloater – Type B: Bronchitis Emphysema: Centroacinar – smoking; Panacinar - a1-antitrypsin deficiency |
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Podagra
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Gout (MP joint of hallux)
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Port-Wine Stain
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Hemangioma
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Anterior Drawer Sign
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Tearing of the ACL
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Psammoma Bodies
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Papillary adenocarcinoma of the thyroid
Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary Meningioma Mesothelioma |
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Pseudohypertrophy
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Seen w/ Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Calf muscles, due to fat deposition |
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Punched-Out Bone Lesions
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Multiple myeloma
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Rash on Palms & Soles
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2° Syphilis
RMSF Coxsackie virus infection: Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease |
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Red Morning Urine
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Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. You would use Ham’s test to confirm.
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Reed-Sternberg Cells
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Hodgkin’s Disease
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Reid Index Increased
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Chronic bronchitis = increased ratio of bronchial gland to bronchial wall thickness
RI = gland/wall Normal < 0.4 |
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Reinke Crystals
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Leydig cell tumor
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Rouleaux Formation
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Multiple myeloma RBC’s stacked as poker chips
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S3 Heart Sound
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L®R Shunt (VSD, PDA, ASD)
Mitral Regurg LV Failure |
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S4 Heart Sound
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Indicates atrial contraction against a ventricle with decreased compliance (e.g. hypetrophic ventricle, cor pulmonale, restrictive cardiomyopathy)
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Schwartzman Reaction
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Neisseria meningitidis impressive rash with bugs
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Smith Antigen
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SLE (also anti-dsDNA)
Malar Rash, Wire loop kidney lesions, Joint pain, False (+) syphilis test (VDRL) 90% 14-45 yo females also seen w/ use of INH; Procainamide; Hydralazine = SLE-like syndrome |
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Soap Bubble on X-Ray
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Giant cell tumor of bone
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Spike & Dome Glomeruli
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Membranous glomerulonephritis = Nephrotic syndrome
Spike = basement membrane material & Dome = immune complex deposits (IgG orC3) |
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String Sign on X-ray
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Crohn’s bowel wall thickening
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Target Cells
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Thalassemia in a Thalassemia w/ no a gene: Hydrops Fetalis & Intrauterine death associations = HbBarts
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Tendinous Xanthomas
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Familial Hypercholesterolemia
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Thyroidization of Kidney
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Chronic pyelonephritis
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Tophi
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Gout
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Tram-Track Glomeruli
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Membranoproliferative GN: Nephritic syndrome – basement membrane is duplicated into 2 layers
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Trousseau’s Sign
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Visceral ca, classically pancreatic (migratory thrombophlebitis)
Hypocalcemia (carpal spasm) These are two entirely different disease processes and different signs, but they unfortunately have the same name. |
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Virchow’s Node
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Supraclavicular node enlargement by metastatic carcinoma of the stomach or other abdominal organ
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Warthin-Finkeldey Giant Cells
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Measles
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WBC Casts
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Pyelonephritis
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Whipple’s Triad
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1. Symptoms known or likely to be caused by hypoglycemia
2. A low plasma glucose measured at the time of the symptoms 3. Relief of symptoms when the glucose is raised to normal |
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Wire Loop Glomeruli
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Lupus nephropathy, type IV (diffuse proliferative form)
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AFP in amniotic fluid or mother’s serum
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Spina Bifida
Anencephaly |
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Uric Acid
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Gout
Lesch Nyhan Myeloproliferative Disorders Diuretics (Loop & Thiazides) |
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Increased FEV1/FVC
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COPD
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“Ground Glass” on chest x-ray (Hyaline)
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Due to Pneumocystis carinii
Seen w/ Atelectasia |
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Honey Combing of the lung
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Pulmonary fibrosis; restrictive lung disease
Can be associated with DIP, UIP, interstitial pneumonitis associated with collagen vascular diseases, asbestosis, berylliosis, sarcoidosis, LIP, DAD, recurrent aspiration, allergic alveolitis, and idiopathic |
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Crescents
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Goodpastures syndrome (pneumonia w/ hemoptysis & rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis)
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Linear Ig Deposits
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Goodpastures syndrome
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45 Degree Branch Points
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Aspergillosis
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PAS(+) Dutcher Bodies
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Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia = IgM = Hyperviscosity
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“Ground Glass” in Abdomen(Hyaline)
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Seen in the hepatocytes of healthy carriers of HBsAg in liver biopsies
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“Signet Ring” Cells
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Cells that replace the ovaries, due to Krukenberg’s tumor that has metastasized from the stomach
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Ground Glass Appearance (Hyaline)
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Seen w/ Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy oligodendrocytes
Nuclei seen in Papillary CA of the thyroid (malignant) |
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Congo Red
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Shows amyloid deposition in plaques & vascular walls
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Meningiomas & Progesterone
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Some meningiomas have Progesterone receptors = rapid growth in pregnancy can occur
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Tuberous Sclerosis Triad
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Seizures; Mental retardation; Leukoderma (congenital facial white spots or macules): angiofibromas
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Cowdry A Inclusions
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Seen w/ Herpes Simplex Encephalitis – in oligodendroglia
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Devic’s Syndrome
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“Neuromyelitis Optica”
A variant of multiple sclerosis: rapid demyelination of the optic nerve & spinal cord w/ paraplegia |
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c-erb B2
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Breast Cancer association
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Foster-Kennedy Syndrome
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The syndrome is defined as the following changes:
-optic atrophy -papilledema in the opposite eye -Central scotoma in the same eye -anosmia on the same side Caused by optic nerve and olfactory nerve compression, and increased ICP Usually due to olfactory groove meningioma |
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Hoffman’s Sign
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Flicking of the middle finger’s nail elicits flexion of thumb or second digit
Indicates UMN lesion Upper limb equivalent of Babinski sign |
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Red Nucleus Destruction
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Intention tremors of the arm
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Ventral Spinocerebellar tr.
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Unconscious proprioception of lower extremities
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Dorsal Spinocerebellar tr.
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Unconscious prorpioception & fine motor movements
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Cuneocerebellar tr.
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Unconscious proprioception & fine motor movements of upper extremities
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Dorsal Column
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Conscious proprioception of the body
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Lateral Spinothalamic tr.
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Pain & Temperature sensation
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Ventral Spinothalamic tr.
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Light touch perception
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SVA
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Taste & Smell
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GSE
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Muscles of the eye & of the tongue
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SSA
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Vision; Hearing; Equilibrium
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GVA
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Sensation of tongue; soft palate. Carotid Body & Sinus innervation
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GVE
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Edinger Westphal = parasympathetic eye innervation
Gland innervation = secretions Viscera |
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GSA
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Pain & temperature of face
Sensation of external ear |
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SVE
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Innervation of muscles of masticaiton, facial expressions, larynx & pharynx
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LMN Lesion
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Werndig Hoffman (progressive infantile muscular atrophy)
Poliomyelitis |
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Sensory Pathway Lesion
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Subacute Combined Degeneration = Friedrich’s Ataxia = B12 deficiency
Tabes Dorsalis (Neurosyphilis) |
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Both UMN & LMN Lesion
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ALS = Lou Gherig’s Disease
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Both Sensory & Motor Lesion
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Brown Sequard
Anterior Spinal artery Occlusion |
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Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
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Controls circadian rhythm
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Ventromedial Nucleus
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Satiety center. Savage behavior & obesity when lesioned
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Lateral Nucleus
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Induces eating. Starvation when lesioned
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Arcuate Nucleus
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Releases PIF (dopa-ergic neurons)
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Mamillary Body
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Can have hemorrhages as seen in Wernicke’s Encephalopathy
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Acanthocytes
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RBSc w/ spiny projections. Seen in Abetalipoproteinemia, liver disease, McLeod syndrome.
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