Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
alopecia areata
|
- well demarcated, non-scarred areas of hair loss
- AI mediated, suspect in those with other AI diseases; or young man with random well demarcated spot of balding in the non-androgen alopecia related areas - often also see nail pitting - tx: intralesional CS |
|
tinea capitis
|
- young kids
- erythema, boggy, scaly, black, pustules, cervical LAD |
|
keratoacanthoma
|
- common on cheek
- low grade malignancy similar to SCC - solitary, firm, round, skin-colored or reddish plaque that develops into nodule with central keratin plug |
|
verruca vulagaris
|
- looks similar to seborrheic keratosis
|
|
BCC
|
- usually red
- rare in age < 40 |
|
seborrheic dermatitis
|
- erythematous scaling plaques and patches w/ indistinct margins
- commonly on scalp, central face, ears, chest, back, axilla, pubic area - may be secondary to malassezia furfur, but don't need fungal scrapings to dx - young college guy --> HIV testing |
|
tinea versicolor
|
- adolescents, young adults
- mildly pruritic - hypopigmented, light brown, salmon colored macules - topical antifungals |
|
treatment of acne during pregnancy?
|
- cat B: topical azeleic acid or clindamycin, erythromycin
- cat C: benzoyl peroxide, sodium sulfacetamide - cat D: AVOID oral tetracycline, retinoids |
|
sporotrichosis
|
- fungus infx seen in outdoorsy people
- papular lesion over sight of innoculation --> ulcerates --> NON-purulent d/c - spreads lymphatically --> oral itraconazole |
|
blastomycosis
|
- inhalation
- acute PNA spreading to bone, skin, GU |
|
actinomycosis
|
- only found in humans, not in the environment
- cervicofacial disease - slow growing and destructive - multiple abscesses, fistulae |
|
coccidiomycosis
|
- inhalation
- chest pain, fever, cough, hemoptysis - initial primary sx: erythema nodosum |
|
tx of herpes zoster
|
- acyclovir for 5-7 days
- if rx w/in 48hours of eruption then can length and pain - oral prednisone accelerates healing and decreases pain and useful in Bell's palsy but don't use in DM, glaucoma, HTN, etc) |
|
herpes zoster infectiousness
|
- no contact precautions needed in community
- yes contact precautions if pt in hospital - must hospitalize and isolate if immunocompromised or disseminated herpes zoster until lesions crusted over |
|
pressure ulcers
|
- stage 1: blanching/erythema
- stage 2: partial loss of epidermis, dermis or both - stage 3: may extend to fascia - stage 4: very deep, full thickness to bone or muscle - tx with moistened gauze |
|
hair loss in secondary syphilis
|
- "moth-eaten" appearance, significant scarring
|
|
pt with psoriasis
|
- get skin biopsy to dx - hyperplasia, neutrophil infiltration, thin or absent granular layer
|
|
tinea capitis
|
- microsporum canis infection
- +Wood's UV lamp - ddx trichophyton tonsurans infection with is (-) Wood's UV lamp |
|
lichen planus
|
- immune mediated skin d/o
- skin, nails, mucosa (mouth, GU area) - skiny, pruritic, polygonal shaped violacious papules with lacy pattern - do punch biopsy, not skin scrapings: hyperkeratoic, acanthosis - associated with liver disease so test for hep C |
|
drugs the exacerbate psoriasis
|
- beta blockers, antimalarial, NSAIDs, ACE-I, lithium
|
|
sun screen
|
- reduces incidence of basal and squamous cell carcinoma, but not melanomas
|
|
tinea versicolor
|
- multiple small circular maculae in either white, pink, brown
- yeast infection - common in summer - tx terbinafine, clotrimazole, ketoconazole |
|
tx of pityriasis rosea?
|
- oral erythromycin
|
|
side effect of doxycyline?
|
- photosensitizing agent --> bad sunburn
|
|
side effect of isotretinoin?
|
- hyperTG --> pancreatitis
- check TG, TC, LFTs before initiating and at least monthly |
|
porphyria cutanea tarda
|
- painless blisters, increased fragility of the skin on dorsal surfaces of hands, facial hypertrichosis and hyperpigmentation
- triggered by ingestion of substances (Ethanol, estrogen (OCP)) - dx by elevated urinary uroporphyrins - tx: phlebotomy or hydroxychloroquine |
|
dermatitis herpetiformis
|
- pruritic papules and vesicles on the elbows, knees, buttockes
- secondary to gluten-sensitive enteropathy that may be subclinical |
|
impetigo
|
- pruritic, honey-colored macules, vesicales, bullae on the face and other exposed parts
- staph or strep A |
|
pityriasis rosea
|
- self-limiting, unknwon etiology
- single primary plaque with fine collarette scale - fine, scaling papules and plaques in christmas tree distribution |
|
tretionin
|
- reduces fine wrinkles, mottled hyperpigmentation, roughness of facial skin, appearance of brown spots
|
|
Onychomycosis
|
- must confirm with scrapings, if negative then culture
- tx with oral terbinafine or itraconazole; ketoconazole and griseofulvin are rarely used now b/c lengthy tx and adverse effects |
|
actinic keratosis predisposes to which cancer?
|
- squamous cell
- it's a pre-malignant condition |
|
psoriasis
|
- erythematous, well-defined plaques covered by thick silvery scales
- tx: for cosmetic purposes can rx topical high-potency corticosteroids = betamethasone (low potency = hydrocortisone for face area) - tx if severe is methotrexate |
|
rosacea tx
|
- topical metronidazole w/ or w/out course of oral abx
- if refractory try isotretinoin |
|
rosacea is associated with?
|
- chalazion: granulomatous inflammation of eye gland -- painless, pea-sized nodule within eyelid
|
|
endophthalmitis
|
- corneal ulcers and ocular infections with pseudomonas, yersinia, mycobacterium
|
|
tx of acne
|
- first line is topical retinoid
- moderate or mild refractory is treated with topical retinoid and benzoyl peroxide or topical abx - severe or mod refractory is tx with 1) topical retinoid, benzoyl peroxide, and topcial abx; or 2) systemic abx plus topical retinoid or benzoyl peroxide - systemic abx are not typically used exclusively - most severe: systemic abx and topical retinoid or benzoyl peroxide ---> no response then oral isotretinoin |