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121 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
transcontinental railroad
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The first____was built by the Central Pacific and Union Pacific.
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corral
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Native American buffalo hunters often drove their prey into a______.
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longhorns
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Wild cattle that traveleddin large herds.
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wholesale
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The National Grange helped farmers buy seed and tools at_____prices.
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sodbusters
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Plains farmers were called_____.
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sooner
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_____went ahead of other land seekers in Oklahoma and staked out good land.
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reservations
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In the late 1800s, the United States government made Indians live on______.
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vaqueros
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Spanish cowhands in the United States were called________.
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cooperatives
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Grangers formed______to buy seeds and tools more cheaply
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mass production
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By using ______Henry Ford made cars more cheaply than other automakers.
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injunctions
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In the late 1800s, courts issued______to stop workers from striking.
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corporations
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________raise money by selling shares of stock.
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monopoly
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The Standard Oil Trust created a _____by controlling the oil industry.
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rebates
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To win more business, railroad companies gave_____to big customers.
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network
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A railroad______is a system of connected lines.
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dividends
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Corporations pay_______to stockholders.
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assembly line
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The_______was first introduced in the automobile industry.
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vertical integration
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________means controlling an industry from rqaw materials to finished products.
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pools
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Some railroads formed______to divide up business and fix prices.
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assimilation
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In the process of_______, immigrants from Europe became part of American culture.
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yellow journalism
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Newspapers like the New York World used________to attract readers.
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Salvation Army
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The_______offered food and shelter to the poor.
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vaudeville
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_______was a variety show that included song-and-dance routines.
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Chinese Exclusion Act
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Congress responded to anti-Chinese feeling by passing the _______.
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settlement houses
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At_______such as Hull House, reformers helped the poor.
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realists
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Writers who wanted to show life as it really was were called_______.
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Ellis Island
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Many immiagrants landed first at_______.
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ragtime
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Scott Joplin made the sounds of_______popular.
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YMCA
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The__________set up activities for young people.
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muckrakers
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_______were reporters who wrote about corruption.
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primary
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Voter's choose their party's candidate in a_________.
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trustbuster
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When Roosevelt tried to regulate giant companies, he was called a_______.
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referendum
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The _______gave voters the power to make a bill become a law.
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suffragists
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Women who campaigned for the right to vote were known as______.
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civil service
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People who hold federal jobs are part of the_______.
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recall
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Voters can remove an elected official from office through a________.
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Gentlemen's Agreement
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In the_______, President Roosevelt limited immigration from Japan.
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Initiative
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The______gave voters the right to introduce a law for the state legislature to vote on.
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Wisconsin Idea
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The_____included a whole program of Progressive reforms.
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imperialism
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Between 1870 and 1914, many nations practiced_______in Africa and Asia.
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Seward's Folly
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American's called the purchase of Alaska________.
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isolation
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Early Presidents urged the United States to follow a policy of_______.
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sphere of influence
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In China, a________was an area, often around a seaport, where a nation had special trading privileges.
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Rough Riders
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Theodore Roosevelt led the _____ in the Battle of San Juan Hill.
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Boxer Rebellion
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During the______, armed Chinese attacked foreigners.
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dollar diplomacy
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President Taft thought that_______was the best way to expand economic ties with Latin America.
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Platt Amendment
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Under the________, Cuba had only limited rights to make treaties.
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kaiser
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The Germans called their emperor______.
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Bolsheviks
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In November 1917, the _______ seized power in Russia.
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propaganda
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During World War I, both sides used_____to win support for their beliefs and ideas.
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armistice
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As a result of the_______, World War I ended on Movember 11, 1918.
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pacifist
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A______refuses to fight in any war.
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reparations
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Germany was forced to pay_______ after World War I.
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militarism
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An example of________was the naval racea betwen Britain and Germany.
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Zimmerman telegram
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News of the_______-moved the United States closer to entering World War I.
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self-determination
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_______was one of President Wilson's Fourteen Points.
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flappers
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In the 1920s, young women who bobbed their hair were called______.
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full market
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Rising stock price in the late 1920s caused a_______on Wall Street.
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quota system
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The United States slowed immigration by setting up a______.
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anarchists
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_______opposed all organized governments.
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speakeasies
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During Prohibition, people met in_____to drink illegal liquor.
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Hoovervilles
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During the depression, many homeless people lived in shack villages called________.
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sitdown strikes
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Workers staged______to win recognition for their unions.
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Brain Trust
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The_______were experts on economic issues who advised FDR.
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public works programs
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President Roosevelt set up_____to provide jobs for the unemployed.
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migrant workers
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Many Dust Bowl farmers became_____when they were forced to leave their farms.
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collective bargaining
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______helped unions negotiate better contracts for their members.
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fireside chats
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President Roosevelt used his_____to reassure worried citizens about the future.
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deficit spending
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______occurs when a government spends more than it takes in from taxes.
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relief
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Altough President Hoover sympathized with the needy, he did not believe that the government should set up ______programs.
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bonus
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The government promised to pay World War I veterans a_______.
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dictator
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Benito Mussolini was a_____ because he had complete power over his country.
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aggression
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Japan's invasion of China was an act of _______.
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collective farms
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In the Soviet Union, peasants were forced to give up their land and join _______.
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Battle of Britain
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During the_______, German planes bombed London and other English cities.
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island hopping
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Allied leaders decided that ____ was the best way to advance across the Pacific.
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totalitarian state
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Germany was a _____ state because the Nazi party controlled all aspects of life.
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appeasement
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Britain and France followed a policy of ____ at the Munich Conference.
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Holocaust
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During the _______ millions of Jews were killed by the Nazis.
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blitzkrieg
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______, or lightning war, is the German term for a swift, massive attack.
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Bataan Death March
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During the ______, thousands of American and Filipino prisoners of war died.
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Sputnik
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Launched in 1957, _____ was the world's first artificial satellite.
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Marshall Plan
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Under the _____, the United States gave millions of dollars to aid European nations to rebuild their economies.
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Cold War
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After World War II, the ____ developed between the United States and the Soviet Union.
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civil rights movement
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The efforts of African American leaders to work for equality became known as the ______.
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baby boom
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In the late 1940s and early 1950s, increased birthrates produced a ______.
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Warsaw Pact
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In 1955, the Societ Union formed a military alliance called the _______.
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closed shop
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Under a________agreement, a company cannot hire nonunion workers.
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United Nations
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The ____was set up after World War II to help solve conflicts between nations.
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Truman Doctrine
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Under the _______, the United States sent aid to Greece and Turkey.
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civil disobedience
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Martin Luther King, Jr., believed in _____ as a way to change unjust laws.
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termination
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During the 1940s and 1950s, federal agencies followed a policy of______, encouraging Natiave Americans to leave their reservations.
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guerrilla
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During the Vietnam War, _____ fighters used hit-and-run tactics.
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detente
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During a period of _____ in the 1970s, tensions between the superpowers eased.
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women's rights movement
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A major goal of the ______ was an end to discrimination based on sex in jobs, pay, and education.
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affirmative action
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______is action taken to provide equal opportunities for minorities, women, and others faced with discrimination.
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poverty line
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One goal of the Great Society was to help Americans living below the _____.
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escalates
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As more American toops were sent to Vietnam, the fighting began to ______.
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braceros
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Mexican farm workers, known as ____, were brought to the United States to harvest crops.
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domino theory
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According to the _____, if Vietnam became communist, the rest of Southeast Asia would, too.
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exiles
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Many Cuban ______ settled in the United States.
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balanced budget
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President Reagan did not achieve his goal of a _________ because the government spent more than it took in as income.
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Contras
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In Nicaragua, the socialist ______ wanted to overthrow the government.
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recession
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During the ______ of the early 1990s, ecomonic growth slowed and unemployment rose.
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economic sanctions
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_______are actions, such as boycotts, taken against a country in the hope of gringing about a change in its policy.
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glasnost
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Through the policy of _____, Gorbachev encouraged people to speak out about problems in the Soviet Union.
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apartheid
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For many years, the government of South Africa enforced a policy of ______.
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Star Wars
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The nickname for the American space-based defense prograam was _______.
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Iran-Contra deal
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Debate was stirred up over the _____ because officials working for the President lied to Congress.
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Sandinistas
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President Reagan supported efforts to overthrow the socialist givernment of the ______ in Nicaragua.
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Solidarity
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_______is the name of the once-banned trade union in Poland.
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ozone layer
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During the 1980s, scientists found holes in the _______ at certain times of the year.
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solar energy
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To encourage the use of _______, scientists are looking for low-cost ways to convert energy from the sun into useful power.
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fiber optics
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Using _____, technicians can send probes of light along thin glass fibers.
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illegal immigrants
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______enter the United States without official permission.
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mainstream
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Some schools ______ students with diabilities into regular classes.
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CAT-scanners
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______allow doctors to examine the body without surgery.
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environmentalists
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People who work to control pollution and protect the land are called ______.
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renewable resources
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_______, such as solar energy, are those that do not get used up.
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service industry
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Workers in a_______ do not produce any goods.
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vaccines
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With ______, doctors wiped out smallpox and other diseases.
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