Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
110 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
ellis island - for who? |
poor immigrants |
|
angel island |
in sf for japanese and chinese immigrants |
|
know nothing party |
nativist party in 1850s |
|
chinese exclusion act |
no chinese immigrants |
|
gentlemen's agreement |
no more japanese immigrants = education in us for japanese immigrants |
|
immigrant colonies - what and why settle there? |
same ethnicity neighborhoods for cultural support |
|
why immigrants trapped in cities? |
no $, lots of jobs, culture support, housing |
|
problems in cities (7) |
housing, trash, water, sanitation, fire, crime, disease |
|
tenements |
connected housing |
|
dumbbell tenements |
made of brick, had windows, had fire escapes |
|
how many families per dumbbell tenement? |
4 |
|
what ended up in tenement airshafts? |
trash |
|
how was water made better? |
sewage departments |
|
fuel for industrial growth (3) |
natural resources, inventions, urban populations |
|
edwin drake known for what? |
steam engine and drill |
|
edison known for what? |
light bulb |
|
bell known for what? |
telephone |
|
bessemer process |
iron to steel process |
|
westinghouse known for what? |
safer electricity |
|
new uses for steel |
railroad, deere farming equipment, bridges, skyscrapers |
|
christopher sholes known for what? |
typewriter |
|
first big business in america |
railroads |
|
company towns |
factory w town around it |
|
problems of company towns (2) |
monopoly by company on everything, paid in script (fake) $ |
|
upside of company towns (5) |
housing, schools, medical, fire, stores |
|
credit mobilier scandal |
tax 2-3x cost of construction projects = $23 mil to congressmen and rr execs |
|
rr business malpractices (5) |
misuse gov land, fix prices, diff customers = diff prices, more $ for short hauls, no published rates |
|
interstate commerce act |
gov regulates rr rates proportional to distance |
|
monopoly |
one company controls |
|
laissez-faire |
gov stays out of business "hands off" |
|
result of laissez-faire? |
eliminate competition |
|
trust |
run several companies as if 1 company |
|
vertical merger def. |
legal combo of production process |
|
vertical merger fill in --------------------------- | | --------------------------- | | --------------------------- | | --------------------------- | | --------------------------- |
--------------------------- | gas stations | --------------------------- | ship | --------------------------- | refine | --------------------------- | mine | --------------------------- |
|
horizontal merger def. |
illegal combo of businesses to gain a monopoly |
|
horizontal merger fill in --------------------------- -------------------- | | | | --------------------------- -------------------- | | | | --------------------------- -------------------- | | | | --------------------------- -------------------- | | | | --------------------------- -------------------- |
--------------------------- -------------------- | gas stations | |gas stations | --------------------------- -------------------- | | | | --------------------------- -------------------- | | | | --------------------------- -------------------- | | | | --------------------------- -------------------- |
|
carnegie known for? |
steel |
|
rockefeller known for? |
standard oil |
|
how did rockefeller eliminate competition? |
cut prices, take loss, then buy out broke competitors |
|
views of big business - robber baron engaged in what? |
illegal business practices |
|
captains of industry did what? (3) |
built factories, gave jobs, industrialized america |
|
as businesses became larger, people demanded what? |
government regulate businesses |
|
sherman anti-trust act |
illegal to form trust, monopoly, unfair business practices |
|
social darwinism |
survival of the fittest business |
|
unions (protect 3 things) |
organizations to protect workers wages, hours, safety |
|
american fed of labor founded by? organized who? |
sam gomper; skilled workers |
|
eugene debs founded what? |
american railway union |
|
who needed unions the most (unskilled / skilled)? |
unskilled - anyone could do the job |
|
haymarket square incident |
bomb thrown into protest crowd, 7 policemen killed & union blamed; gave unions bad rep |
|
tactics used by employers against unions (5) |
forbid meetings, fire union members, refuse negotiations, yellow-dog contract, sherman anti-trust act |
|
gilded |
covered w thin layer of gold |
|
political machine |
group controls activities of political party & offers services to workers |
|
graft |
steel $ from city treasures |
|
kickback |
raise cost of construction pro and return extra $ to political machine |
|
boss tweed |
led tammany hall |
|
what does ward boss give immigrant? what does he get in return? |
everything - food, housing, job, support; gets political vote |
|
the jungle by upton sinclair |
book revealing food production truth |
|
harvey wiley |
fed 12 men common food, they got sick |
|
used to hide smell of spoiled beef |
borax glycerine |
|
progressivism |
reform efforts to correct injustices |
|
americanization movemetn |
teach immigrants english |
|
muckrackers |
journalists expose corrupt side of businesses |
|
settlement house |
help poor and immigrants |
|
ida tarbell |
exposed standard oil |
|
jane addams / hull house |
services to poor (daycare, medical, teach english) |
|
social gospel |
churches provide charity to poor |
|
margaret sanger |
championed cause of birth control |
|
temperance / prohibition |
restrict or prohibit alcohol |
|
frances willard |
founded womens christian temperance union |
|
18th amendment |
prohibit alcohol |
|
carry nation (hottie) |
used hatchet and broke liquor bottles in saloons |
|
florence kelley |
worked to end child labor |
|
muller v oregon |
10 hour work day for women |
|
triangle shirtwaist fire / what did it lead to? |
146 killed when locked in; fire inspectors, unlocked fire exits, fire drills |
|
voting reforms |
no more colored ballots & petitions |
|
referndum |
state legislatures to allow citizens to vote on specific laws |
|
recall |
citizens petition elected official to stand for reelection at any time |
|
1st state to grant women the vote? |
wyoming |
|
19th amendment / why passed? |
womens vote; women's enormous effort in WWI |
|
trust busting |
sherman anti-trust act to break up bad trusts |
|
the jungle led to (2) |
meat inspection act, pure food & drug act |
|
conservationism |
conserve nature's resources for future use |
|
clayton anti-trust act |
declared certain business practices illegal |
|
16th amendment |
progressive income tax |
|
federal reserve act |
help regulate interest rates and money supply |
|
booker t washington beliefs and founded what? |
believed racism ended when blacks learned useful labor skills; founded tuskegee institute |
|
web dubois |
1st black to receive ph.d. from harvard |
|
NAACP |
founded for full equality among races |
|
us got alaska how? |
seward asked congress, congress reluctantly agrees, bought for $7.2 mil in 1959 as 49th state |
|
us got hawaii how? |
businessmen eventually owned majority of land and resources |
|
butcher weyler |
cubans revolt against spain for independence |
|
yellow press |
lie / exaggerate |
|
delome letter |
spanish ambassador called mckinley weak would be politician |
|
sinking of the maine |
havana harbor, blamed spain, actually from engine error |
|
rough riders |
cavalry group led by roosevelt |
|
us acquired after war? (3) |
guam, puerto rico, philippines |
|
emilio aguinaldo |
led filipino rebel against us for independence |
|
open door policy |
free trade rights |
|
teddy roosevelt's motto and meaning? |
"speak softly and carry a big stick"; impress world w power and be peaceful |
|
MANIMU (WWI causes) |
militarism, alliances, nationalism, imperialism, murder, ultimatum |
|
franz ferdinand |
shot by gavulo princip |
|
us enters war why? |
br passenger ship sunk, german letter to mexico |
|
new technology for war (5) |
german cannon, machine guns, poison gas, airplanes, tanks |
|
espionage and sedition act |
jail fines for certain speech |
|
social changes - great migration, women, flu epidemic |
african americans go n for jobs; jobs during war; 500k americans die |
|
bossism - what & its importance |
system where group controlled votes by providing housing and jobs to immigrants; corrupts voting process |
|
emilio aguinaldo - what & its importance |
filipino leader led a 4 year rebellion against us for independence; shows filipinos want independence |
|
dollar diplomacy - what & its importance |
us banks and businesses invest in foreign countries; way to take over countries without violence |
|
haymarket square incident - what & its importance |
crowd gathered to protest worker killing, bomb thrown into crowd and 7 policemen killed, blamed on unions; gave unions a bad name |
|
great migration - what & its importance |
movement of african americans to the north for jobs in wwi; 1st migration out of south since end of civil war |