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110 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

ellis island - for who?

poor immigrants

angel island

in sf for japanese and chinese immigrants

know nothing party

nativist party in 1850s

chinese exclusion act

no chinese immigrants

gentlemen's agreement

no more japanese immigrants = education in us for japanese immigrants

immigrant colonies - what and why settle there?

same ethnicity neighborhoods for cultural support

why immigrants trapped in cities?

no $, lots of jobs, culture support, housing

problems in cities (7)

housing, trash, water, sanitation, fire, crime, disease

tenements

connected housing

dumbbell tenements

made of brick, had windows, had fire escapes

how many families per dumbbell tenement?

4

what ended up in tenement airshafts?

trash

how was water made better?

sewage departments

fuel for industrial growth (3)

natural resources, inventions, urban populations

edwin drake known for what?

steam engine and drill

edison known for what?

light bulb

bell known for what?

telephone

bessemer process

iron to steel process

westinghouse known for what?

safer electricity

new uses for steel

railroad, deere farming equipment, bridges, skyscrapers

christopher sholes known for what?

typewriter

first big business in america

railroads

company towns

factory w town around it

problems of company towns (2)

monopoly by company on everything, paid in script (fake) $

upside of company towns (5)

housing, schools, medical, fire, stores

credit mobilier scandal

tax 2-3x cost of construction projects = $23 mil to congressmen and rr execs

rr business malpractices (5)

misuse gov land, fix prices, diff customers = diff prices, more $ for short hauls, no published rates

interstate commerce act

gov regulates rr rates proportional to distance

monopoly

one company controls

laissez-faire

gov stays out of business "hands off"

result of laissez-faire?

eliminate competition

trust

run several companies as if 1 company

vertical merger def.

legal combo of production process

vertical merger fill in


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| gas stations |


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| ship |


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| refine |


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| mine |


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horizontal merger def.

illegal combo of businesses to gain a monopoly

horizontal merger fill in


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| gas stations | |gas stations |


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carnegie known for?

steel

rockefeller known for?

standard oil

how did rockefeller eliminate competition?

cut prices, take loss, then buy out broke competitors

views of big business - robber baron engaged in what?

illegal business practices

captains of industry did what? (3)

built factories, gave jobs, industrialized america

as businesses became larger, people demanded what?

government regulate businesses

sherman anti-trust act

illegal to form trust, monopoly, unfair business practices

social darwinism

survival of the fittest business

unions (protect 3 things)

organizations to protect workers wages, hours, safety

american fed of labor founded by? organized who?

sam gomper; skilled workers

eugene debs founded what?

american railway union

who needed unions the most (unskilled / skilled)?

unskilled - anyone could do the job

haymarket square incident

bomb thrown into protest crowd, 7 policemen killed & union blamed; gave unions bad rep

tactics used by employers against unions (5)

forbid meetings, fire union members, refuse negotiations, yellow-dog contract, sherman anti-trust act

gilded

covered w thin layer of gold

political machine

group controls activities of political party & offers services to workers

graft

steel $ from city treasures

kickback

raise cost of construction pro and return extra $ to political machine

boss tweed

led tammany hall

what does ward boss give immigrant? what does he get in return?

everything - food, housing, job, support; gets political vote

the jungle by upton sinclair

book revealing food production truth

harvey wiley

fed 12 men common food, they got sick

used to hide smell of spoiled beef

borax glycerine

progressivism

reform efforts to correct injustices

americanization movemetn

teach immigrants english

muckrackers

journalists expose corrupt side of businesses

settlement house

help poor and immigrants

ida tarbell

exposed standard oil

jane addams / hull house

services to poor (daycare, medical, teach english)

social gospel

churches provide charity to poor

margaret sanger

championed cause of birth control

temperance / prohibition

restrict or prohibit alcohol

frances willard

founded womens christian temperance union

18th amendment

prohibit alcohol

carry nation (hottie)

used hatchet and broke liquor bottles in saloons

florence kelley

worked to end child labor

muller v oregon

10 hour work day for women

triangle shirtwaist fire / what did it lead to?

146 killed when locked in; fire inspectors, unlocked fire exits, fire drills

voting reforms

no more colored ballots & petitions

referndum

state legislatures to allow citizens to vote on specific laws

recall

citizens petition elected official to stand for reelection at any time

1st state to grant women the vote?

wyoming

19th amendment / why passed?

womens vote; women's enormous effort in WWI

trust busting

sherman anti-trust act to break up bad trusts

the jungle led to (2)

meat inspection act, pure food & drug act

conservationism

conserve nature's resources for future use

clayton anti-trust act

declared certain business practices illegal

16th amendment

progressive income tax

federal reserve act

help regulate interest rates and money supply

booker t washington beliefs and founded what?

believed racism ended when blacks learned useful labor skills; founded tuskegee institute

web dubois

1st black to receive ph.d. from harvard

NAACP

founded for full equality among races

us got alaska how?

seward asked congress, congress reluctantly agrees, bought for $7.2 mil in 1959 as 49th state

us got hawaii how?

businessmen eventually owned majority of land and resources

butcher weyler

cubans revolt against spain for independence

yellow press

lie / exaggerate

delome letter

spanish ambassador called mckinley weak would be politician

sinking of the maine

havana harbor, blamed spain, actually from engine error

rough riders

cavalry group led by roosevelt

us acquired after war? (3)

guam, puerto rico, philippines

emilio aguinaldo

led filipino rebel against us for independence

open door policy

free trade rights

teddy roosevelt's motto and meaning?

"speak softly and carry a big stick"; impress world w power and be peaceful

MANIMU (WWI causes)

militarism, alliances, nationalism, imperialism, murder, ultimatum

franz ferdinand

shot by gavulo princip

us enters war why?

br passenger ship sunk, german letter to mexico

new technology for war (5)

german cannon, machine guns, poison gas, airplanes, tanks

espionage and sedition act

jail fines for certain speech

social changes - great migration, women, flu epidemic

african americans go n for jobs; jobs during war; 500k americans die

bossism - what & its importance

system where group controlled votes by providing housing and jobs to immigrants; corrupts voting process

emilio aguinaldo - what & its importance

filipino leader led a 4 year rebellion against us for independence; shows filipinos want independence

dollar diplomacy - what & its importance

us banks and businesses invest in foreign countries; way to take over countries without violence

haymarket square incident - what & its importance

crowd gathered to protest worker killing, bomb thrown into crowd and 7 policemen killed, blamed on unions; gave unions a bad name

great migration - what & its importance

movement of african americans to the north for jobs in wwi; 1st migration out of south since end of civil war