Us History I: Chapter 11 - The Expanding Republic

Front 1

What invention allowed great travel in the early 1800s?

Back 1

Steamboats!

Front 2

What was the environmental issue of Steamboats?

Back 2

Caused mass deforestation in order to produce the the steam needed.

Front 3

What was a major issue with Steamboats themselves?

Back 3

They were overstoked which caused boiler explosions with mass fatalities.

Front 4

In the early 1800s, what 4 things made large transportation reasonable?

Back 4

1. Canals
2. Steamboats
3. Roads
4. Railroads

Front 5

What were Canals?

Back 5

Shallow water highways that allowed passage of boats pulled by mules.

Front 6

How fast did barges on Canals go?

Back 6

Less than 5 mph

Front 7

What was one of the major consequences of the Erie Canal?

Back 7

Let New York City become a premier commercial city

Front 8

What was the Erie Canal?

Back 8

Major 350 mile canal between Albany, Buffalo, and NYC with the entire Great Lakes region.

Front 9

By the 1830s, the cost of shipping by canal fell to what versus overland transport?

Back 9

A tenth of the cost!

Front 10

In the 1820s and 1830s, lawyers created the legal foundation for an economy that favored what?

Back 10

Ambitious individuals interested in maximizing their own wealth.

Front 11

What is Eminent Domain?

Back 11

State can buy land for roads and canals even from unwilling sellers whenever "vitally necessary."

Front 12

Supporters of Andrew Jackson believed what was the way to maximize individual liberty and economic opportunity?

Back 12

Ending government-granted privileges!

Front 13

What was the Panic of 1819?

Back 13

First time the US economy's system of credit wavered.

Front 14

From 1800 to 1817, corporation numbers rose from what to what? Why?

Back 14

20 to 1800 because being in a corporation was a way to protect your self and assets and to get tax benefits.

Front 15

Who was the Election of 1828 between?

Back 15

John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson

Front 16

What did Andrew Jackson say about JQA in the election of 1828?

Back 16

That he was a snob, wanted to be king, and pimped virgins to the Russian Tsar

Front 17

What did JQA say about Andrew Jackson in the election of 1828?

Back 17

That he was uneducated, a bastard, adulterer, and that his wife was a bigamist and a whore.

Front 18

What was a first for the Election of 1828?

Back 18

It was the first election in which lies, propaganda, and character defamation occurred.

Front 19

The election of 1828 was the first presidential election in which determined the outcome? Why?

Back 19

Popular vote! More than a million voters participated (3 times normal and nearly half of free male population)

Front 20

Who were the Whigs?

Back 20

Moralist party ready to make major decisions to promote economic growth.

Front 21

Who were the Democrats?

Back 21

Young, ambitious energetic party ready to embrace liberty-loving individualism.

Front 22

When Andrew Jackson entered the presidency, what happened?

Back 22

His wife, Rachel, suddenly died causing him to become deeply grievous and out for revenge.

Front 23

TRUE OR FALSE: Andrew Jackson tried to lessen party conflict by including men of different factions in his cabinet.

Back 23

FALSE. AJ only included loyalists to his party to his cabinet.

Front 24

What was the Spoils System?

Back 24

An arrangement in which party leaders reward party loyalists with government jobs even if that means replacing competent civil workers. Slang for Patronage

Front 25

What was Jackson's type of government?

Back 25

Jeffersonian with limited government

Front 26

Jackson believed the only way to "save" the Indian culture was to do what? What did this lead to?

Back 26

Remove/Move them out of white contact which led to the Indian Removal Act of 1830.

Front 27

What was the Indian Removal Act of 1830?

Back 27

Act that forced eastern Indian tribes west of the Mississippi

Front 28

What was Worcester vs Georgia in 1832?

Back 28

Court case that the Supreme Court upheld between sovereign Cherokee and Georgia to stay East of the Miss. River.

Front 29

What happened to the Cherokee Indians from Worcester vs Georgia?

Back 29

Had their lands sold under them to the state and then to whites. They refused to move where Jackson's successor, Martin Van Buren, sent federal troops to remove them and forced them to move 1200 miles to Oklahoma - Trail of Tears

Front 30

What was the Trail of Tears?

Back 30

1200 mile trek from Georgia to Oklahoma done by the Cherokee Indians in which 1/4 of the tribe died on the way.

Front 31

TRUE OR FALSE: Jackson supported Georgia's right to ignore the Supreme Court's decision on Worcester vs Georgia.

Back 31

TRUE.

Front 32

What was the Tariff of Abominations?

Back 32

Tariff passed to encourage American manufacturing that benefited the North but not the farming south because of high (50%) duties.

Front 33

What was the Doctrine of Nullification?

Back 33

Doctrine put forth by South Carolina that stated states had the right to nullify Congress's acts like the Tariff of Abomination

Front 34

South Carolina claimed Congress had erred in using the Tariff of Abominations to benefit specific industries because tariffs should only be used for what?

Back 34

Raising revenue!

Front 35

What was Jackson's response to the Doctrine of Nullification?

Back 35

He sent armed ships to South Carolina after they threatened to secede after passing the Force Bill which said he could send military factions to treasonous states.

Front 36

What was Alcohol Consumption like in the US during the 1800s? What did this lead to?

Back 36

It was rising steadily with the average drinker drinking 39 gallons of alcohol a year. This lead to the American Temperance Society labeling alcohol a gateway drug to poverty, idleness, crime, and family violence.

Front 37

What did the American Temperance Society do?

Back 37

It led a decline in alcohol consumption in the US.