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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Federal Trade Commission (chapter 9) |
antitrust measure; “watchdog” agency; regulated businesses; given the power to investigate possible violations of regulatory statutes, require periodic reports from corporations, and put an end to the number of unfair business practices |
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Progressivism (chapter 9) |
reform movement aimed at restoring economic opportunities, correcting social injustices; help the poor and return power to the people; protecting social welfare. promoting moral improvement, creating economic reform, fostering efficiency |
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Florence Kelley (chapter 9) |
advocate for improving the lives of women and children; appointed chief inspector of factories for Illinois after she helped to win passage of the Illinois Factory Act in 1893- prohibited child labor and limited women’s working hours |
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Conservatism (chapter 9) |
advocated complete preservation of the wilderness; Roosevelt believed some wilderness areas would be destroyed while others would be developed for the common good |
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William Howard Taft (chapter 9) |
27th president; elected in 1908; republican; too cautious; never used “bully pulpit”; did not expand Roosevelt’s reforms; did not lower tariffs; his secretary of interior released 1 million acres to private businesses |
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Jose Marti (chapter 10) |
Cuban poet and journalist; launched a revolution in 4895; organized Cuban resistance against Spain; attacked American-owned property to try to provoke U.S. help |
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U.S.S. Maine (chapter 10) |
2/15/1898; exploded in Havana Harbor; 260+ U.S. sailors killed; Spain was blamed for the attack; “Remember the Maine, to hell with Spain!” |
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Rough Riders (chapter 10) |
a volunteer cavalry under the command of Leonard Wood and Teddy Roosevelt; fought at San Juan Hill |
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de Lome Letter (chapter 10) |
Spanish minister’s letter stolen by a Cuban rebel; criticized President McKinley- called him weak; attack on U.S. president angered Americans |
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George Dewey (chapter 10) |
commander; gave command to open fire on the Spanish fleet at Manila, Philippines; victory within hours |
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General Weyler (chapter 10) |
was sent to Cuba by Spain to restore order; tried to crush rebellion by herding the entire rural population of central and western Cuba into barbed wire concentration camps- civilians could not give aid to rebels |
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Socialist (chapter 11) |
criticized the war as a capitalist and imperialist struggle between Germany and England to control markets and colonies in China, Africa, and the Middle East |
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Pacifist (chapter 11) |
believed that war was evil and that the United States should set an example of peace to the world |
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Lusitania (chapter 11) |
5/7/1915; boat sunk by German u-boat; 1,198 killed, 128 Americans; Americans turned against Germany |
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Zimmermann Note (chapter 11) |
a telegram from the German foreign minister to the German ambassador in Mexico that was intercepted by British agents; proposed an alliance between Mexico and Germany and promised that if war with the United States broke out, Germany would support Mexico in recovering the “lost territory in Texas, Mexico, and Arizona” |
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Archduke Ferdinand (chapter 11) |
heir to Austrian throne; shot June 1914; assassinated by Princip- Serbian nationalist who wanted Bosnia controlled by Austria-Hungary; caused WWI |
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KKK (chapter 12) |
Klu Klux Klan; used anti-communism as an excuse to harass any group unlike themselves; devoted to “100% Americanism”; 4.5 million “white male persons. native-born gentile citizens” in 1924; believed in keeping blacks “in their place” by destroying saloons, opposing unions, and driving Roman Catholics, Jews, and foreign-born people out of the country; increase of criminal activity led to decrease in power |
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Teapot Dome Scandal (chapter 12) |
1923; secretary of the interior Albert B. Fall secretly leased government-owned land to two oil companies; one of the reserves was located in Teapot Dome. WY; Fall received $400,000 in loans, bonds, and cash |
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1920s Unions (chapter 12) |
union membership dropped from 5 million to 3.5 million and further down to 82,000 because: much of the work force consisted of immigrants willing to work in poor conditions since immigrants spoke a multitude of languages, unions had difficulty organizing them farmers who had migrated to cities to find factory jobs were used to relying on themselves most unions excluded African Americans |
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Cause of the Urban Sprawl (chapter 12) |
urban sprawl- allowed workers to live away from their jobs; automobile; more freedom; allowed more travel; creation of highways |
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Speakeasy (chapter 13) |
illegal bars |
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Harlem Renaissance (chapter 13) |
a literary and artistic movement celebrating African-American culture |
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Why was it hard to enforce prohibition laws? (chapter 13) |
the government did not pay enough to enforce it; led to crime and organized crime |
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Causes of the Great Depression (chapter 14) |
tariffs and war debt policies that cut down the foreign market for American goods crisis in the farm sector the availability of easy credit an unequal distribution of income |
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Causes of the Dust Bowl (chapter 14) |
1930s drought overfarming destruction of grasslands |
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Bonus Army (chapter 14) |
Bonus Expeditionary Force; WWI veterans; wanted the passing of the Patman Bill which authorized the government to pay a bonus to WWI veterans who had not been adequately for their wartime service |
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Stock Margin (chapter 14) |
buying stocks by mostly borrowing; “buying on margin” |
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Hoover’s Attempts (chapter 14) |
no federal welfare; supported trickle-down economics; provided for home loans and federal finance for industries; Boulder Dam (later known as Hoover Dam) |
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SEC (Security and Exchange Commission) (chapter 15) |
supervised stock market and eliminated dishonest practices |
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FSA (Federal Security Act) (chapter 15) |
required corporations to provide complete information on all stock offerings and made them liable for any misrepresentations |
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SCS (Soil Conservation Service) (chapter 15) |
taught farmers how to conserve the soil through contour plowing, terracing, and crop rotation |
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Glass-Steagall Bank Act (chapter 15) |
established Federal Deposit Corporation (FDIC) which provided federal insurance for bank accounts up to $5,000 |
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Wagner Act (chapter 15) |
defined unfair labor practices and established the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) to settle disputes between employers and employees |
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TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority) (chapter 15) |
developed resources of the Tennessee Valley |
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CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps) (chapter 15) |
provided jobs for single males on conservation projects |
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AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Act) (chapter 15) |
aided farmers in regulating crop production |
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EBRA (Emergency Banking Relief Act) (chapter 15) |
banks were inspected by Treasury Department and those stable could reopen |
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FERA (Federal Emergency Relief Administration) (chapter 15) |
helped states provide aid for the unemployed |
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Frances Perkins (chapter 15) |
America’s first female cabinet member; played a role in creating the Social Security system |
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Neville Chamberlain (chapter 16) |
British prime minister; met with Hitler in Munich to discuss the annexation of Czechoslovakia; signed Munich Agreement |
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Mussolini (chapter 16) |
established totalitarian regime in Italy; attempted to restore Italy to its former position as a world power; developed Fascist Party- stressed nationalism and placed the interests of the state above those of individuals, argued that power must rest with a single strong leader and a small group of devoted party members; called himself II Duce (the leader); citizens and tourists loved him |
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Hitler (chapter 16) |
became leader of National Socialist German Workers’ Party (the Nazi party); called himself Der Fuhrer “the leader”; promised to bring Germany out of chaos; wanted to enforce racial “purification”, “Aryans”- blue-eyed blond-haired; also wanted national expansion |
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Stalin (chapter 16) |
dictator; took control of Russia in 1924; focused on creating a mode communist state; made both agricultural grown and industrial growth the prime economic goals of the Soviet Union; abolished all privately own farms and replaced them with collectives- large government-owned farms; “five-year plans” to direct industrialization; responsible for the deaths of 8 million-13 million people during his drive to eliminate anyone who threatened his power; created totalitarian government |
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Blitzkrieg (chapter 16) |
new German military strategy; lightning war; take enemy by surprise and then quickly crush all opposition with overwhelming force; started WWII |
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Private Property (communism vs capitalism) (chapter 16) |
communism shared property; capitalism had private-owned property |
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Russia (chapter 16) |
hopes for democracy gave way to civil war; resulted in a communist state known as the Soviet Union |
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Poland (chapter 16) |
Germans invaded Poland using the blitzkrieg which caused WWII |
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Winston Churchill (chapter 16) |
Chamberlain’s political rival in Great Britain; against Munich Agreement; believed the signing of the Munich Agreement adopted a shameful policy of appeasement- giving up principles to pacify an aggressor |
