Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Manifest Destiny
|
The idea America was destined by God and history to expand its boundaries over a vast area of the continent of N. America and more.
|
|
Expansionism
|
Occured because of Manifest Destiny; a movement to spread both a political system and a racially defined society
|
|
Henry Clay
|
Feared that territorial expansion would reopen controversy over slavery and threaten stability of Union
|
|
Land Grants
|
Settlers came to Texas through American intermediaries who received land grants from Mexico in return for promising to bring settlers into the region
|
|
Stephen F. Austin
|
Most successful land grant-recipent, established first legal American settlement in Texas in 1822
|
|
General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
|
dictator of Mexico who tried to impose new regimes on nation, led armies into Texas, signed treaty when captured, etc.
|
|
Alamo Mission
|
1836-San Antonio,pivotal battle between Replublic of Texas and Mexico, Mexican victory
|
|
Davy Crockett
|
frontiersman and former Tennessee congressman, group of Texas 'patriots' and died at the Alamo
|
|
Goliad
|
After the Alamo 1836, massacre when Mexicans executed most of the Texian force after it had surrendered
|
|
Battle of San Jacinto
|
1836 General Sam Houston defeated Mexican army and took Santa Anna prisoner. Santa Anna signed treaty giving Texas independence
|
|
Tejanos
|
Mexican residents of Texas who fought with the Americans in the revolution
|
|
Oregon Country
|
Control issue in 1840s between Britain and US over Oregon, Washington, Idaho, etc.
|
|
"joint occupation"
|
1818 treaty between Britain and US to allow citizens of each country equal access to Oregon country
|
|
Marcus & Narcissa Whitman
|
missionary and his wife; established mission among Cayuse Indians and were later killed by them when blamed for spreading disease
|
|
Old Northwest
|
migrants traveled west from today's Midwest (gold rush, etc)
|
|
Mormons
|
west westward on religious missions or in attempt to escape diseases plaguing eastern cities
|
|
Martin Van Buren
|
former Democratic president, expected 'front runner' against Henry Clay, resented Buren for being against annexation
|
|
James K. Polk
|
strong supporter of annexation, the first 'dark horse' to win presidential nomination of his party; wins election of 1844
|
|
"Fifty-four forty or fight"
|
slogan in reference to latitude where some americans hoped to draw the northern boundary of oregon
|
|
Liberty Party
|
political party in 1840s ran James Birney 2nd time, antislavery whigs against Clay
|
|
Rio Grande
|
Texans claimed as both western & southern border, adding much of what is now New Mexico to Texas
|
|
Nueces River
|
Mexico claimed this had always been the border
|
|
General Zachary Taylor
|
a small army under this man was sent to protect Texas from possible Mexican invasion;
|
|
Santa Fe
|
trading center, commerece developed between here and Missouri, increased American presence in New Mexico
|
|
Sacramento Valley
|
pioneering farmers entered California and settled here
|
|
John A Sutter
|
migrated to California in 1839 and became a Mexican citizen. headquarters was a network of small manufacturing shops
|
|
Annexationists
|
supported their demands for acquiring these western lands by citing racial differences between white Americans and Mexicans
|
|
Mexican War
|
causes of the this were conflict over the border (Rio Grande vs. Nueces R)
|
|
John Slidell
|
goes to Mexico City for Polk to try to negotiate, but Mexico refuses
|
|
Colonel Stephen W Kearny
|
made longn march to Santa Fe and occupied the town with no opposition in 1846, brought American forces together at Bear Flag Rev
|
|
John C. Fremont
|
led well-armed exploring party in the Bear Flag Revolution
|
|
Bear Flag Revolution
|
1846; party of Americans seized Sonoma
|
|
General Winfield Scott
|
devised plan to force peace on Mexicans and perhaps gain more territory for US, took Vera Cruz and Mexico City
|
|
Nicholas Trist
|
concluded an agreement with the new Mexican government 1848, Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
|
|
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
|
1848: Mexico agreed to cede California and New Mexico to the US and make Rio Grande boundary of Texas and US took over Mexican debts and paid $15 million
|
|
David Wilmot
|
introduced an amendment to the appropriation bill that would have prohibited slavery in any territory acquired from Mexico; passed in House but failed in Senate
|
|
"popular sovereignty"
|
allowed the people of each territory to decide the status of slavery there
|
|
Lewis Cass
|
Democrats nominated for election
|
|
Compromise of 1850
|
Henry Clay: (1) Admit California as a free state (2) Divide remainder of Mexican Cession into two territories, Utah and New Mexico (popsov) (3) Give land in dispute between Texas and New Mexico territory to New Mexico and assume Texas' public debt (4)Ban slave trade in DC but do not outlaw it there (5) Adopt a Fugitive Slave Law and enforce it vigorously
|
|
John C. Calhoun
|
insisted that the North grant the South equal rights in the territories, that it agree to observe the laws concerning fugitive slaves, that it cease attacking slavery, and accept amendment to Constitution to guarantee balance of power between sections
|
|
Daniel Webster
|
"Seventh of March Address"; sought to calm angry passions and rally northern moderates to support Clay's compromise
|
|
Stephen Douglas
|
Democratic senator from Illinois; open spokesman for economic needs of his section and for the construction of railroads; personal self-promotion
|
|
Millard A. Fillmore
|
from New York; supported compromise and used power of persuasion to swing northern Whigs into line
|
|
Free-Soil Party
|
minor 3rd party; "conscience whigs" and northern democrats
|
|
Fugitive Slave Act
|
Blacks accused of having escaped from slavery had no right to a trial by jury and could not testify on their own behalf; a federal judge or commissioner could turn alleged runaways over to slaveowners simply on the basis of affidavits from slaveowners.
|