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44 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Arteriole

Small artery

Calyx

Cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis

Catheter

Tube for injecting or removing fluids

Cortex

Outer region of an organ

Creatinine

Nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine

Cystoscopy

Direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope

Diabetes insipidus

Antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately or the kidney is resistant to its effect

Diabetes mellitus

Insulin is not secreted adequately or not properly used in the body

Dialysis

Process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood (artificial kidney machine)

Electrolyte

Chemical element that carries and electrical charge when dissolved in water - necessary for functioning muscles and nerves

Erythropoietin

Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate production of red blood cells by the bone marrow

Filtration

Process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter

Glomerular capsule

Collects the material that is filtered from the blood through the walls of the glomerulus

Glomerulonephritis

Inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney

Glomerulus

Tiny ball of capillaries in a nephron of the kidney

Hilum

Depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave

Interstitial nephritis

Inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules

Kidney

One of two bean-shaped organs on either side of the backbone in lumbar region - filters nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to form urine

Lithotripsy

Shock waves are used to crush urinary tract stones

Meatus

Opening or canal

Medulla

Inner region of an organ

Nephrolithiasis

Renal calculi

Nephron

Functional unit of the kidney - combination of the glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption and secretion take place

Nephrosis

Group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine

Nitrogenous waste

Substance containing nitrogen and excreted in the urine

PKD

Multiple fluid-filled sacs within and on the kidney

Potassium

Electrolyte regulated by the kidney - essential for muscle contraction and conduction of nerve impulses

Pyelonephritis

Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma

Reabsorption

Process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream

Renal angioplasty

Dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries

Renal artery

Vessel that carries blood to the kidney

Renal biopsy

Removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination

Renal pelvis

Central collecting region in the kidney

Renal transplant

Surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient

Renal tubule

Microscopic tubes in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration

Renal vein

Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney

Renin

Hormone secreted by the kidney - raises blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction

Sodium

An electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidney - required for nerve impulses, heart activity, and metabolic functions

Urea

Major nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine

Ureter

One of the two tubes leading from the kidney to the urinary bladder

Urethra

Tube leading from the urinary bladder to outside the body

Urinary bladder

Hollow, muscular sac that hold and store urine

Urinary catheterization

Passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder

Urination

Process of expelling urine (micturition)