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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Normal output for adults |
1-2L/24hrs 30ml/hr 240ml/shift |
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Normal capacity of adult bladder |
600-1000ml |
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What volume of urine causes the urge to urinate? |
250ml |
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Urination in children |
Cannot voluntarily void until 18-24 months Complete control at 4-5 years |
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When are children ready for potty training? |
Can sense fullness Can hold it for 1-2hrs Can communicate the need to go |
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What effect do antihistamines have on micturition? |
They increase output |
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What effect do anticholinergic drugs have on micturition? |
They can cause retention |
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How does salt intake effect micturition? |
High salt diets cause fluid retention |
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How does protein intake effect micturition? |
High protein intake can cause kidney stones |
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What bladder volume indicates retention? |
3,000-4,000ml |
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Postvoid residual urine |
Amount of urine left in bladder 50-100ml normal >150ml risk for UTI |
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Bacteriuria |
Bacteria in urine |
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Bacteremia |
Bloodstream infection |
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Dysuria |
Painful urination |
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Cystitis |
Irritation of the bladder |
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Hematuria |
Blood in urine |
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Pyelonephritis |
Systemic infection starting as upper urinary tract infection Symptoms: hematuria, fever, chills, diaphoresis, flank pain |
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Urge incontinence |
Urgency, high frequency, nocturia, difficulty holding urine |
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Reflex incontinence |
Predictable Loss of control over sphincter muscles leads to emptying when bladder is full Under active bladder |
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What output is cause for concern? |
<30ml/hour for more than 2 hours >2000-2500ml/day |
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When a patient has a catheter, what changes should be made in his/her fluid consumption? |
Increase fluids to at least 8-10 glasses per day Low pH fluids with little sugar |
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How often should a catheter be cleaned? |
TID and after BM |
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What is an ideal fluid intake? |
2.2L for women 3L for men |
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How just urine should be collected for a sterile urine specimen? |
3-5ml |
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How much urine should be collected for a clean-void or midstream specimen? |
30-60ml |
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Oliguria |
Diminished urinary output relative to intake |
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Specific gravity |
Ability of kidneys to concentrate urine or the weight/degree of concentration of urine |
