Urban Ecology Urban Species And Evolution

Front 1

Fragmentation

Back 1

Fevers urbanized species that can persist in small patches and highly mobile species such as Birds

Front 2

Urban exploiters

Back 2

Increase with urbanization and exploit new and altered environments both native and non-native serve to homogenize BC's and cities

Front 3

Urban adapters

Back 3

Can benefit from urbanization if sufficient native habitat remains. Generalist, able to live in small patches and or adapt to altered environments, also abundant and non urban areas

Front 4

Novel features of urban environments

Back 4

He Island, pollutants, 24-hour light, noise, disturbance, habitat isolation and fragmentation Predators such as cars and

Front 5

Avoiders

Back 5

Specialist, avoiders of disturbance noise and light common on social behavior, require large or specialized habitats, competitors for the top of the pyramid

Front 6

Diversity of species increases ecosystem resiliency

Back 6

Multiple species, rules performing ecological functions. Loss of one species isn't disasterous

Front 7

Diversity of genotypes and phenotypes within a species

Back 7

Increases species resiliency

Front 8

Diversity of ecological functions

Back 8

Increase ecological resiliency

Front 9

Urbanization affect evolution of species

Back 9

Urban habitat fragmentation and isolation can drive evolutionary changes. Genetic drift increase by habitat isolation gene flow decreased by habitat isolation