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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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normal albumin values
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3.5-5.0
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normal prealbumin values
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20
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normal protein values
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6-8
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normal creatinine values
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0.5-1.5
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normal WBC values
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4.0-11.0
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normal bilirubin values
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0.2-1.3
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normal ammonia values
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30-70
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normal serum amylase values
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0-130
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normal serum lipase values
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0-160
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achalasia
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delayed emptying of esophagus; causes acids and enzymes to errode the esophagus, because the food isn't moving down as quickly as it should
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S/S of esophageal cancer
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progressive dysphagia
pain weight loss hoarseness |
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Barrett's esophagus
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premalignant condition; replacement of squamous epithelium with columnar epithelium; due to chronic exposure to acid from gastric reflux
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causes of GERD
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hiatal hernia
impaired esophageal motility delayed gastric emptying incompetent lower esophageal sphincter (primary cause) |
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complications of GERD
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esophagitis- Mallory-Weiss tear (bleeding in esophagus)
esophageal stricture- dysphagia Barrett's esophagus |
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peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
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condition where there is erosion of GI mucosa from digestive action of HCl and pepsin; stomach is usually protected by a gastric mucosal barrier-- stomach lining is being ulcerated
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why does H. pylori destroy the mucosal barrier?
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generates ammonia in the mucosal layer
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types of PUD and describe
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GASTRIC- lesser curvature; burning/pressure; back and upper abdomen; pain 1-2 hours after meals; some N/V; weight loss
DUODENAL- acount for 80%!!!!; H. pylori seen in 90-95%; beginning of duodenum; associated with other diseases; burning/cramping pressure pain; mid-epigastrium, upper abdominal; pain 2-4 hours after meals, middle of night; relief with antacids, food; some N/V STRESS- physiologic stress ulcers follow major insult to body; burns/shock-hypotension, injury |
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prevention of PUD
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H2-receptor blockers or PPIs
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complications of gastric surgery
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dumping syndrome
postprandial hypoglycemia |
