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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the shape of a smooth muscle?
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Spindle shaped cells of different sizes
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What is the make up of smooth muscle?
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Makes up the viscreal for involuntary muscles: such as walls of the intenstin and walls of the blood vessels
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What does smooth muscle generate?
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Peristalsis
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In the cardiac muscle where is the neucli placed?
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Centerally placed
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What does the neucli look like?
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Oval and Pale
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Are the cardiac muscles striated or cross striated?
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Cross striated
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What do the skeletal muscles look like?
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They are long tubular cells called Muscle Fibers and they contain many peripheral (to the side) placed neucli.
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Epimysium
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The most outer layer. Composed of connective tissue & hundreds of contractile cells called fibers. These fibers are surrounded by connective tissue called Endomysium.
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Excitability
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The ability to receive & respond to iimpulses from the external environment
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Contractility
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Muscles generate force when they contract & are able to shorten up on contraction
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Extensibility
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Muscles can be stretched
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Elasticity
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The ability of muscles to return to original shape
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AutonomiA c Nervious System
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Regulates involuntary vital funcation: Breathing, heart rate, digestionm, cellular transport.
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Motor Neuron
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A motor unit: Efferent nerve cell that transmitts nerve impulses & generates movement found in the skeletal muscle.
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Tetanus
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Coontractile stimulus that's received at the synapse and it rapidly & evenly commuicates to the whole fiber.
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What does a healthy fiber look like?
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Taughty and springy
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Origin
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Least moveable part of muscle that attaches to bone.
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Insertion
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More moveable part of muscle attached to bone. More distal
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Muscle belly
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The center area of the muscle fiber.
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Tendon
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Attaches muscle to bone
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Ligament
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Attaches bone to bone
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Agonist
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The prime mover
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Antagonist
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Opposition of the agonist. Provides stability and returns joint ot neutral position
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Synergist
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Muscle that stablizes joints during movement
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Main dietary source for muscular energy
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Fats/Sugar
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ATP
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Adenosine Triphosphate
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What is ATP
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Muscle needs energy to contract effectively. The ATP molecule stores energy which is released at the time of muscular contraction.
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Isotonic
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Muscular contraction with shortening of the muscle & movement of the joint.
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Isometric
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Muscle contraction without shortening of the muscle with no movement
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The Cross Bridge
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Actin & myosin are combined to produce force along with ATP. Creatin phosphate is also used.
Connection between A&M filaments is made with calcium |
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Proprioceptors
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These are specialized nerve receptors found in joint, tendons & muscle that sense that sense the body's position.
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Golgi Tendon Organs
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The tendon reflex engages to indicate a potential injury and helps to release the contraction.
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What is a Sarcomere
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A single unit of contraction in a muscle fiber.
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