Unit 7 - 2 Scheme

Front 1

vital sign of eye

Back 1

visual acuity; everyone gets it

Front 2

glasses on or off during pinhole test

Back 2

glasses ON; if no improvement they have an acuteproblem on top of their visual problem

Front 3

tonometry

Back 3

intraocular pressure measurement;

Front 4

slit lamp exam

Back 4

used to examine anterior segment

Front 5

photophobia in red eye exam

Back 5

indicates anterior inflammation (conjunctivitis); slit lamp exam

Front 6

fluorescein stain

Back 6

stains exposed bowman's membrane, which would be exposed if epithelium has been destroyed in a corneal scratch;

drip in eye then shine cobalt blue light on it; if theres green staining indicating exposed bowmans then theres a corneal scratch or something

Front 7

cells and flare

Back 7

shine light in; due to proteins an or precipitates the light is refracted and flares out; indicates anterior uveitis

Front 8

Back 8

Corneal edema; there is light refraction/diffuse light reflection in the eye, slight halo around beam

Front 9

Back 9

Anterior uveitis; light refraction; needs referral

Front 10

Back 10

Hypopyon; eye emergency; IV antibiotics and culture, systemic antibiotics, surgical intervention

endogenus endophthalmitis

Front 11

A welder who just went skiing

Back 11

Keratitis; inflammation of the cornea alone; usually bilateral, completely preventable, usually heals well

Front 12

ciliary flush, edematous cornea, fixed pupil, terrible pain

Back 12

angle closure glaucoma

Front 13

Back 13

"billowing" iris under a slit lamp due to angle closure glaucoma; straight beam of light curved by forward bowing iris

Front 14

what should you do before dilating eyes for a retinal exam

Back 14

Oblique flashtight test for narrow angle - prior to dlating eye for retinal exam

Front 15

Back 15

narrow angle by gonioscopy - dont want to dilate this pt

Front 16

Back 16

neovascularization/corneal edema seen; big white ugly ulcer; pushes dx to infectious or granulomatous dz; eye sight threatening

Front 17

Back 17

large corneal abrasion, fluorescein stained, cobalt blue light

most abrasions will get better on their own in a few days; must differentiate ulcer from abrasion (ulcer is white in regular light without staining = inflammation, clean = scrape only)

Front 18

Back 18

corneal abrasion; pebble or something in upper lid which scrapes cornea everytime they blink; skating ice rink sing

Front 19

Back 19

allergic conjunctivitis; eye looks okay; just swelling around eyes

Front 20

Back 20

giant papillary conjunctivitis (giant pupillae in lids)

Front 21

Back 21

viral conjunctivitis; gonna get better but highly infectious; herpes must be excluded first

Front 22

Back 22

dendriic herpetic ulcer, fluorescein stained under cobalt blue light; if left alone may destroy cornea; if you start them on steroids herpes WILL go wild and take over cornea

Front 23

Back 23

herpes zoster opthalmicus; lesions on tip of nose indicate nasociliary branch of opthalmic nerve is involved which means cornea is involved

Front 24

Back 24

follicular conjunctivitis; like papillae but smaller

Front 25

Back 25

inflammatory tarsal membrane would keep scraping on eye if not removed in this case of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis

Front 26

pseudomonas keratitis

Back 26

seen in ICU in pts on ventilators for a long time who havent gotten proper eye care

Front 27

Back 27

trachoma; little village with poor sanitary standards; chronic chalmydial infection and major cause of blindness in undeveloped countries

a. inflammation of lid
b. vertical scarring and turns lid under
c. lashes start tearing at cornea
d. chronic messed up cornea

Front 28

someone working on car underneath

Back 28

corneal metallic foreign body with rust ring;

Front 29

Back 29

Iris herniation; consider possibility of intraocular foreign body