Unit 4 - Wk 5 Histology

Front 1

Three pulmonary systems

Back 1

Air conduction; passage of inhaled/exhaled air

Respiratory; gas exchange between air and blood
Mechanical ventilation; rib cage/muscles, diaphragm, elastic connective tissue within lung parenchyma

Front 2

Conducting airways and alveolar units

Back 2

Conducting airways and alveolar units

Front 3

Back 3

Nasal Concha; extensive vascular network: venous sinuses,
atriovenous anastomoses & capillaries

Front 4

Back 4

respiraotry mucosa lining the nasal cavity; respiratory epithelium conains pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with high density of goblet cells. Basal cells represent a stem cell compartment

Front 5

Back 5

Epiglottis; Epiglottis is unpaired ‘leaf-like’ structure below root of tongue that covers entrance to larynx.
Core of elastic cartilage that attaches to hyoid bone.
Lingual surface covered with nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium that is continuous
with dorsal surface of tongue.

Front 6

Back 6

Vocal cords; two sets of paired folds, false and true

Front 7

Back 7

Arrangement of the epiglottis, false and true vocal cords

Front 8

Back 8

Trachea; fibrolastic cartilage and hyaline cartilage;

Front 9

Back 9

Trachea Epithelium

Front 10

Back 10

Primary Bronchus; similar to trachea but with shorter epithelium, fewer goblet cells, cartilage like flattened plates instead of rings

Front 11

Back 11

Bronchus Associated Lymphoid Tissue

Trachea w/ cartilage rings
Bronchus w cartilage plates
Brnchiole complete rings of smooth muscle

Front 12

Back 12

Tertiary bronchus; respiratory epithelium is columnar

Front 13

Cystic Fibrosis

Back 13

Retention of Cl, pulls Na and thus water out of mucus making it thick

Front 14

Respiratory lobule and respiratory acinus

Back 14

The pulmonary lobule consists of a terminal
bronchiole & associated respiratory bronchioles,
alveolar ducts, alveoli sacs and alveoli.

Physiologists refer to a pulmonary ‘acinus’
consisting of all respiratory parenchyma
served by a respiratory bronchiole branched
from the terminal bronchiole; thus an ‘acinus’
is a subcomponent of a ‘lobule’.

Front 15

Back 15

Terminal bronchioles; lined by simple columnar/cuboidal epithelium

secretory Clara cells replace goblet cells

Front 16

Emphysema

Back 16

Results from destructoin of respiratory parenchyma epithelia

Front 17

What are clara cells unique to?

Back 17

Bronchioles; extensive SER for detoxification

Clara cells secrete surfactant proteins, proteolytic enzymes and lysozyme; can differentiate into ciliated and nonciliated bronchial epithelial cells

Front 18

Back 18

Alveoli; terminal portion of respiratory tree

Front 19

Back 19

Pulmonary arteries/branches distribute segmentally with bronchi
Pulmonary veins and their tributaries drain intersegmentally

Capillaries branch to form basket like arrangement around alveolus

Front 20

Back 20

Pneumocyte Type II; surfactant cell

Front 21

Back 21

Alveolar macrophage (dust cell); ingests dust/foreign particles taht enter alveolar space; high phagocytic activity; ciliate mediate movement up bronchial tree

Front 22

Function of surfactant?

Back 22

Lower the surface tension at the alveolar surface so they can expand; synthesized by type II pneumocytes

Front 23

Surfactant Deficiency

Back 23

Can result in collapse of lung due to large surface tension; resulting lack of 02 further impairs surfactant synthesis

Front 24

Back 24

Nasal Vestibule

Front 25

Back 25

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium; hyaline cartilage rings

Front 26

Back 26

Epiglottis; stratified squamous nonkeritanized epithelium; central core of elastic cartilage;

Front 27

Back 27

Lung; carbon filled alveolar macrophages (smokers lung)