Unit 4 Practice Test

Front 1

The perceived lightness of an object depends on relative luminance. This provides an illustration of

Back 1

context effects.

Front 2

The green-colored ham and eggs had such a strange appearance that they tasted terrible to Sam. This illustrates the importance of

Back 2

sensory interaction.

Front 3

The 130-decibel sound of a rock band is about ________ times louder than the 100-decibel sound of a nearby subway train

Back 3

1000

Front 4

According to the Young-Helmholtz theory

Back 4

the retina contains three kind of color receptors

Front 5

One neural pathway detects differences in the loudness of a sound received by each of our ears while another neural pathway simultaneously detects differences in the arrival time of a sound to each of our ears. This best illustrates

Back 5

parallel processing.

Front 6

According to the frequency theory

Back 6

the rate at which impulses travel up the auditory nerve matches the frequency of the tone being heard.

Front 7

The principle of continuity refers to the perceptual tendency to

Back 7

group stimuli into smooth, uninterrupted patterns.

Front 8

In foggy weather, automobile drivers are especially likely to be misled by the distance cue known as

Back 8

Relative clarity

Front 9

The African Pygmy Kenge misperceived buffalo as rapidly increasing in size because of

Back 9

his limited experience in observing objects across large, wide-open distances.

Front 10

Dilation and constriction of the pupil are controlled by the

Back 10

iris.

Front 11

Which of the following strategies best illustrates the use of subliminal stimulation?

Back 11

A trim female figure is imperceptibly flashed on the TV screen during an ad for a weight-reduction clinic.

Front 12

Weber's law is relevant to an understanding of

Back 12

difference thresholds.

Front 13

During a radio ad listeners are repeatedly asked, "What would life be without Fletchers Ice Cream?" At the end of the ad the same question is cleverly interrupted immediately after the word "without." At that point many listeners mentally respond with the words "Fletchers Ice Cream." Their response best illustrates the principle of

Back 13

closure.

Front 14

A cochlear implant would be most helpful for those who suffer

Back 14

sensorineural hearing loss.

Front 15

Felix was so preoccupied with his girlfriend's good looks that he failed to perceive any of her less admirable characteristics. This best illustrates the dangers of

Back 15

selective attention.

Front 16

You are in an unfamiliar setting and your eyes are closed. Which of the following sounds would be hardest for you to locate correctly?

Back 16

a bell ringing 6 feet directly in front of you

Front 17

Participants in an experiment were told to listen to and repeat a prose passage played in one ear, while a novel tune was played in their other ear. The results of this experiment indicated that the participants

Back 17

showed an increase in their liking for the novel tune.

Front 18

The basilar membrane is located in the

Back 18

cochlea.

Front 19

Green light is ________ in wavelength than ________ light.

Back 19

shorter; red

Front 20

Damage to the temporal lobe region of the brain essential for facial recognition produces a loss of

Back 20

perception.

Front 21

The gate-control theory attempts to explain how

Back 21

the nervous system blocks or allows pain signals to pass to the brain.

Front 22

The ability to process information automatically and without conscious awareness of doing so is best illustrated by

Back 22

blindsight.

Front 23

The individual boulders and crevices of the huge and clearly visible mountain peak appeared so indistinct to the hikers that they knew it would take them another full day to reach it. This best illustrates the impact of ________ on distance perception.

Back 23

texture gradient

Front 24

ESP refers to

Back 24

perception that occurs apart from sensory input.

Front 25

The adjustable opening in the center of the eye is the

Back 25

pupil.

Front 26

If we could stop our eyes from quivering as we stared at a stationary object, the object would probably

Back 26

vanish from sight.

Front 27

A 3-D movie enhances one's sense of depth perception by simulating the effects of

Back 27

retinal disparity.

Front 28

Heavy smoking is most likely to interfere with your sense of

Back 28

taste.

Front 29

Hair cells protrude from the

Back 29

basilar membrane.

Front 30

The opponent-process theory is to hue as place theory is to

Back 30

pitch.

Front 31

The receptor cells that convert light energy into neural signals are called

Back 31

rods and cones.

Front 32

Who emphasized that perceptions are learned through experience?

Back 32

Locke

Front 33

The importance of central nervous system activity for the experience of pain is best highlighted by

Back 33

phantom limb sensations.

Front 34

Small differences in the loudness of a sound received by each ear enable us to identify the ________ of the sound.

Back 34

location

Front 35

The absolute threshold is the minimum amount of stimulation that a person needs to detect a stimulus

Back 35

50 percent of the time.

Front 36

When Judy reads a book, the images of the printed words come into sharpest focus at a point behind her retina. This indicates that she

Back 36

is farsighted.

Front 37

Cars are typically perceived as ________ if they have bright rather than dim headlights. Cars are typically perceived as ________ if they are higher rather than lower in our field of vision.

Back 37

closer; farther away

Front 38

Sensation is the

Back 38

detection and encoding of stimulus energies by the nervous system.

Front 39

If an adult develops cataracts, his or her ________ threshold for light is likely to ________.

Back 39

absolute; increase

Front 40

Texture gradient provides a cue for perceiving the ________ of objects.

Back 40

distance

Front 41

Damage to frontal areas of the temporal lobes is most likely to affect our

Back 41

sense of smell.

Front 42

Under very dim levels of illumination

Back 42

rods are more light sensitive than cones.

Front 43

Experiencing a green afterimage of a red object is most easily explained by

Back 43

the opponent-process theory.

Front 44

The nerve cells that respond to specific aspects of a visual stimulus, such as its shape or its movement, are

Back 44

feature detectors.

Front 45

Because the football game was interrupted by a long half-time break, 5-year-old Mark mistakenly concluded that the second and third quarters of play were parts of two different games. His experience best illustrates the organizational principle of

Back 45

proximity.

Front 46

The Gestalt principles of proximity and similarity refer to ways in which we

Back 46

organize stimuli into coherent groups.

Front 47

The ganzfeld procedure has recently been used in studies of

Back 47

telepathy.

Front 48

In order for us to experience lightness constancy, we should view things

Back 48

in relation to surrounding objects.

Front 49

Laboratory experiments have indicated that noise is particularly stressful and disruptive when it is

Back 49

uncontrollable.

Front 50

Receptor cells for the vestibular sense are located in the

Back 50

inner ear.

Front 51

If the just noticeable difference for a 10-ounce weight is 1 ounce, the just noticeable difference for an 80-ounce weight would be ________ ounce(s).

Back 51

8

Front 52

Interposition is a cue for depth perception in which closer objects

Back 52

obstruct our view of distant objects.

Front 53

After reading her horoscope in the morning newspaper, Nancy readily interpreted numerous experiences of that day as clear verifications of its accuracy. This best illustrates the dangers of

Back 53

perceptual set.

Front 54

The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the rods and cones, is the

Back 54

retina.

Front 55

Which of the following concepts best illustrates the perspective of Gestalt psychologists?

Back 55

closure

Front 56

Farouk insists that by intense mental concentration he can actually influence the mechanically generated outcomes of slot machines. Farouk is most specifically claiming to possess the power of

Back 56

psychokinesis.

Front 57

The Muller-Lyer illusion involves the misperception of

Back 57

the length of lines.

Front 58

The simultaneous stimulation of adjacent cold and warmth spots on the skin produces the sensation of

Back 58

hot.

Front 59

Mr. Watkins had been blind from birth. While corrective eye surgery enabled him to see, he was unable to visually distinguish a spoon from a key. This fact would serve to support the position advanced by

Back 59

Locke.

Front 60

Some people are better than others at detecting slight variations in the taste of various blends of coffee. This best illustrates the importance of

Back 60

difference thresholds.

Front 61

During the first month of life, human infants will turn to avoid an object coming directly at them. This best serves to support the perspective advanced by

Back 61

Kant.

Front 62

The mechanical vibrations triggered by sound waves are transduced into neural impulses by

Back 62

hair cells.

Front 63

Soothing musical audiotapes accompanied by faint and imperceptible verbal messages designed to increase a desire to lose weight best illustrate

Back 63

subliminal stimulation.

Front 64

Telepathy, clairvoyance, and precognition are different forms of

Back 64

extrasensory perception.

Front 65

If Jill carefully watches Eduard as he runs directly toward her, she will experience a(n) ________ in retinal disparity and a(n) ________ in convergence.

Back 65

increase; increase

Front 66

If two identical objects are equally distant from a viewer, the more brightly illuminated object appears to be

Back 66

closer.

Front 67

The high notes on a piano always produce ________ sound waves than the low notes

Back 67

higher-frequency

Front 68

With her eyes closed, Sandra can accurately touch her mouth, nose, and chin with her index finger. Sandra's accuracy illustrates the importance of

Back 68

kinesthesis.

Front 69

The illusion of the shrinking and growing girls shown in the text can best be explained in terms of: A) shape constancy.

Back 69

the misperception of distance.

Front 70

Although several students in the classroom are talking loudly, Jim's attention is focused only on what his girlfriend is saying. In this instance, the girlfriend's voice is a

Back 70

figure.